Haefliger E
Praxis (Bern 1994). 1998 Apr 1;87(14):469-75.
Army mass X-ray fluoroscopic screening (ARD) included the group of service personnel performing its military service in the Swiss army in the years 1943/44. ARD was at that time regarded as a measure targeted against tuberculosis, and was ordered by the Chief of the General Staff, at the request of the Head of the Army Medical Service. A total of 516,879 conscripts were examined. Of these--corresponding to the structure of the army--the infantry with 265,640 conscripts made up 51.4% of those examined in this way. As a result a total of 967 cases of active pulmonary tuberculosis were discovered and recorded in the army. This total was made up of 395 so-called active-open and 572 active-closed cases. Inactive pulmonary tuberculosis of the lungs occurred in 1,642 conscripts. The total number of 967 carriers of an active pulmonary tuberculosis corresponded--when converted--to an incidence of 187/100,000 persons. The 6,186 cases of hardened primary complexes, further multiple hardenings in the lung and pleuritic adhesions, probably mostly of tuberculous origin at that time, recorded in addition during the mass screening may also be regarded as evidence of a considerable "epidemic resistance" among military personnel. In comparison to foreign European armies--though with smaller numbers examined--the Swiss figures are lower.
陆军大规模X射线荧光透视筛查（ARD）涵盖了1943/44年在瑞士军队服兵役的军人。当时，ARD被视为一项针对肺结核的措施，由总参谋长应陆军医疗服务负责人的请求下令实施。总共对516,879名应征入伍者进行了检查。其中，步兵有265,640名应征入伍者，占以这种方式接受检查者的51.4%，这与军队的结构相对应。结果，军队中总共发现并记录了967例活动性肺结核病例。这一总数由395例所谓的开放性活动性病例和572例闭合性活动性病例组成。1,642名应征入伍者患有非活动性肺结核。967名活动性肺结核携带者的总数换算后相当于每10万人中有187例发病率。在大规模筛查期间另外记录的6,186例硬结性原发综合征、肺部进一步的多处硬结和胸膜粘连病例，当时可能大多源于结核，也可被视为军事人员中存在相当程度“群体抵抗力”的证据。与欧洲其他国家的军队相比——尽管检查人数较少——瑞士的数据较低。
