Hays W A, Calderon L L
NDA J. 1996 Summer;47(1):16-7.
The number of Americans with diabetes mellitus has increased 50% since 1983 to 16 million. An interesting and startling factor is that only half of these diabetics are aware they have the disease. Diabetes mellitus can lead to blindness, heart disease, stroke, nerve damage, kidney failure, and periodontal disease. It is the fourth leading cause of death in the United States. A metabolic disorder affecting insulin metabolism and associated blood glucose intolerance regulation, diabetes may be classified by the following categories: type I-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus which is commonly found in children and adolescents and type II-non-insulin-dependent or adult-onset diabetes which occurs in patients over forty and is associated with obesity. The dental hygienist's role in education, prevention, and therapeutics has expanded to detection and recognition of oral manifestations of diabetes. The dental hygienist may be the first to recognize the presence of the disease. This article aims to acquaint the dental hygienist with the clinical picture of a dental patient with diabetes mellitus.
自1983年以来，美国糖尿病患者人数增加了50%，达到1600万。一个有趣且惊人的因素是，这些糖尿病患者中只有一半意识到自己患有这种疾病。糖尿病会导致失明、心脏病、中风、神经损伤、肾衰竭和牙周病。它是美国第四大死因。糖尿病是一种影响胰岛素代谢及相关血糖不耐受调节的代谢紊乱疾病，可分为以下几类：I型胰岛素依赖型糖尿病，常见于儿童和青少年；II型非胰岛素依赖型或成人发病型糖尿病，发生在40岁以上的患者中，与肥胖有关。牙科保健员在教育、预防和治疗方面的作用已扩展到对糖尿病口腔表现的检测和识别。牙科保健员可能是第一个识别出该疾病存在的人。本文旨在让牙科保健员了解糖尿病牙科患者的临床表现。
