Heikkinen E, Käyhty-Seppänen B, Pohjolainen P
Scand J Soc Med. 1976;4(2):71-4.
The aims of the study were to reveal the extent of physical activity, nutritional habits, smoking and alcohol consumption and the relation of these to previous occupation among recently retired men. The number of men belonging to various health risk groups was estimated on the basis of the results. About 10% had inadequate nutritional habits as judged from their food expenses and number of daily hot meals and about 20% practised physical exercise in the way which is considered necessary for the improvement of cardiovascular performance and maximal oxygen uptake. Only a small minority had been requested to undertake physical exercise. About 18% lived alone. The problems were more pronounced among the men retired from manual occupations compared with men whose main occupation had been of a sedentary nature. The results indicate that a considerable proportion of elderly men would need more advice and more adequate services in order to improve their daily living habits. Any such measures should preferably be started before retirement as the living habits adopted during the earlier periods of life seem to remain unchanged in old age. The results are based on an interview study carried out among 137 66-year-old men representing about 90% of the men of that age group living in Jyväskylä, a town of 60000 inhabitants in Central Finland.
该研究的目的是揭示近期退休男性的身体活动程度、营养习惯、吸烟和饮酒情况，以及这些因素与他们以前职业的关系。根据研究结果估算了属于不同健康风险群体的男性人数。从他们的食品支出和每日热餐数量判断，约10%的男性营养习惯不佳；约20%的男性以被认为对改善心血管功能和最大摄氧量必要的方式进行体育锻炼。只有一小部分人被要求进行体育锻炼。约18%的人独居。与主要从事久坐性质职业的男性相比，从事体力劳动职业退休的男性问题更为突出。结果表明，相当一部分老年男性需要更多建议和更充分的服务，以改善他们的日常生活习惯。任何此类措施最好在退休前开始，因为早年养成的生活习惯在老年时似乎保持不变。研究结果基于对137名66岁男性进行的访谈研究，这些男性约占芬兰中部拥有6万居民的于韦斯屈莱市该年龄段男性的90%。
