O'Connell H E, Hutson J M, Anderson C R, Plenter R J
Department of Urology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
J Urol. 1998 Jun;159(6):1892-7. doi: 10.1016/S0022-5347(01)63188-4.
We investigated the anatomical relationship between the urethra and the surrounding erectile tissue, and reviewed the appropriateness of the current nomenclature used to describe this anatomy.
A detailed dissection was performed on 2 fresh and 8 fixed human female adult cadavers (age range 22 to 88 years). The relationship of the urethra to the surrounding erectile tissue was ascertained in each specimen, and the erectile tissue arrangement was determined and compared to standard anatomical descriptions. Nerves supplying the erectile tissue were carefully preserved and their relationship to the soft tissues and bony pelvis was noted.
The female urethra, distal vaginal wall and erectile tissue are packed into the perineum caudal (superficial) to the pubic arch, which is bounded laterally by the ischiopubic rami, and superficially by the labia minora and majora. This complex is not flat against the rami as is commonly depicted but projects from the bony landmarks for 3 to 6 cm. The perineal urethra is embedded in the anterior vaginal wall and is surrounded by erectile tissue in all directions except posteriorly where it relates to the vaginal wall. The bulbs of the vestibule are inappropriately named as they directly relate to the other clitoral components and the urethra. Their association with the vestibule is inconsistent and, thus, we recommend that these structures be renamed the bulbs of the clitoris.
A series of detailed dissections suggest that current anatomical descriptions of female human urethral and genital anatomy are inaccurate.
我们研究了尿道与周围勃起组织之间的解剖关系，并回顾了用于描述该解剖结构的当前命名法的适用性。
对2具新鲜和8具固定的成年女性尸体（年龄范围22至88岁）进行了详细解剖。确定每个标本中尿道与周围勃起组织的关系，确定勃起组织的排列并与标准解剖学描述进行比较。仔细保留供应勃起组织的神经，并记录它们与软组织和骨盆的关系。
女性尿道、阴道远端壁和勃起组织被包裹在耻骨弓尾侧（浅表）的会阴内，耻骨弓外侧由耻骨坐骨支界定，浅表由小阴唇和大阴唇界定。这个复合体并不像通常描述的那样与耻骨支平贴，而是从骨性标志处突出3至6厘米。会阴尿道嵌入阴道前壁，除了与阴道壁相关的后方外，在各个方向都被勃起组织包围。前庭球的命名不当，因为它们直接与其他阴蒂成分和尿道相关。它们与前庭的关联不一致，因此，我们建议将这些结构重新命名为阴蒂球。
一系列详细解剖表明，目前对女性尿道和生殖解剖结构的解剖学描述不准确。
