Cáceres E, Lingan M, Delgado P
Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1976 Sep;143(3):395-7.
Fifty consecutive unselected patients with infiltrating carcinoma of the breast underwent radical mastectomy in two consecutive stages. The initial operation was a modified radical mastectomy, with preservation of the pectoral muscles, and the second stage, a procedure to transform the initial operation into a standard radical mastectomy. An analysis of the location and the number of the lymph nodes recovered in the two stage operation shows that a so-called modified radical mastectomy is inadequate to ensure the clearing of the axilla. Lymph nodes were recovered at the second stage of the operation in 36 patients, and seven of these patients had metastasis. Modified radical mastectomy was effective in erradicating the lymph nodes of the lower part of the axilla but inadequate for lymph nodes at levels II and III and, especially, the interpectoral lymph nodes.
五十例未经挑选的连续性浸润性乳腺癌患者接受了连续两阶段的根治性乳房切除术。初始手术为保留胸肌的改良根治性乳房切除术，第二阶段手术则是将初始手术转变为标准根治性乳房切除术。对两阶段手术中回收的淋巴结位置及数量的分析表明，所谓的改良根治性乳房切除术不足以确保腋窝清扫。在36例患者的手术第二阶段回收了淋巴结，其中7例有转移。改良根治性乳房切除术对清除腋窝下部淋巴结有效，但对II级和III级淋巴结，尤其是胸肌间淋巴结则不足。
