Baldo J V, Shimamura A P, Prinzmetal W
Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley 94720, USA.
Percept Psychophys. 1998 Apr;60(3):427-37. doi: 10.3758/bf03206864.
Response compatibility effects were assessed with a Stroop-like task which involved arrow and word stimuli. The subjects were required to respond to one stimulus--an arrow (e.g.,-->) or a word (e.g., left)--and ignore the other. It was shown that response compatibility played a significant role in generating Stroop-like interference. Robust interference effects were observed when the subjects responded manually to word stimuli (ignoring irrelevant arrows) and when they responded vocally to arrow stimuli (ignoring irrelevant words). Smaller interference effects were observed under response-compatible conditions, namely, responding manually to arrows and vocally to words. In the second experiment, within-dimension displays (e.g., arrow-arrow or word-word displays) yielded a pattern of interference that did not interact with response modality. These findings indicate that both stimulus-response compatibility effects and target-distractor similarity are crucial for understanding Stroop-like interference.
通过一项类似斯特鲁普任务的实验评估反应兼容性效应，该任务涉及箭头和单词刺激。要求受试者对一种刺激做出反应——箭头（例如，-->) 或单词（例如，left）——而忽略另一种刺激。结果表明，反应兼容性在产生类似斯特鲁普干扰方面发挥了重要作用。当受试者手动对单词刺激做出反应（忽略无关箭头）以及当他们口头对箭头刺激做出反应（忽略无关单词）时，观察到了强烈的干扰效应。在反应兼容的条件下，即手动对箭头做出反应并口头对单词做出反应时，观察到的干扰效应较小。在第二个实验中，维度内显示（例如，箭头-箭头或单词-单词显示）产生了一种不与反应方式相互作用的干扰模式。这些发现表明，刺激-反应兼容性效应和目标-干扰物相似性对于理解类似斯特鲁普干扰都至关重要。
