Tracy J K, Oldach D, Greenberg D R, Grattan L M
University of Maryland School of Medicine, USA.
Md Med J. 1998 May;47(3):130-2.
Preliminary study of the psychologic adjustment of watermen with exposure to Pfiesteria piscicida was conducted on watermen with the most severe exposures and their occupationally matched controls. Participants in the exposed group were seven symptomatic recreational and commercial fishermen who had direct exposure to the Pocomoke River or other estuarial waters on Maryland's Eastern Shore before, during, and/or after periods of documented fish kills and Pfiesteria activity. The control group included eight commercial fishermen who worked on the ocean side of the Eastern Shore and had no reported exposure to estuaries with documented Pfiesteria activity. Both exposed symptomatic and nonexposed watermen completed the Profile of Mood States to assess depression, anxiety, and other relevant mood states as part of their participation in the larger investigation of the human health effects of Pfiesteria piscicida. Preliminary results suggest that both exposed symptomatic and nonexposed watermen are psychologically healthy and exhibit what psychologists refer to as the classic Iceberg Mood Profile. The Iceberg Profile is characterized by endorsement of symptoms suggestive of high energy, enthusiasm and positive mood (e.g., lively, active, energetic, cheerful, vigorous, etc.) and relative minimization of symptoms suggestive of negative or depressed mood (e.g., tense, anxious, restless, grouchy, forgetful). Therefore, the Pfiesteria-related symptom complex documented in the exposed watermen cannot be explained by functional or psychiatric factors and is probably due to exposure.
针对接触杀鱼费氏藻的渔民心理调适情况进行了初步研究，研究对象为接触最为严重的渔民及其职业匹配的对照组。暴露组的参与者是七名有症状的休闲和商业渔民，他们在有记录的鱼类死亡和费氏藻活动发生之前、期间和/或之后，直接接触了波科莫克河或马里兰州东海岸的其他河口水域。对照组包括八名在东海岸海边工作的商业渔民，他们没有报告接触过有记录的费氏藻活动的河口。作为对杀鱼费氏藻对人类健康影响的更大规模调查的一部分，有症状的暴露渔民和未暴露渔民都完成了情绪状态剖面图，以评估抑郁、焦虑和其他相关情绪状态。初步结果表明，有症状的暴露渔民和未暴露渔民在心理上都是健康的，并且呈现出心理学家所说的经典冰山情绪剖面图。冰山剖面图的特点是认可暗示高能量、热情和积极情绪的症状（如活泼、活跃、精力充沛、开朗、精力旺盛等），而相对减少暗示消极或抑郁情绪的症状（如紧张、焦虑、不安、脾气暴躁、健忘）。因此，暴露渔民身上记录的与费氏藻相关的症状复合体不能用功能或精神因素来解释，可能是由于接触所致。
