Kong Q, Harris R S, Maizels N
Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8114, USA.
Immunol Rev. 1998 Apr;162:67-76. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-065x.1998.tb01430.x.
We review some experiments designed to test recombination-based mechanisms for somatic hypermutation in mice, particularly mechanisms involving templated mutation or gene conversion. As recombination and repair functions are highly conserved among prokaryotes and eukaryotes, pathways of mutation in microorganisms may prove relevant to the mechanism of somatic hypermutation. Escherichia coli initiates a recombination-based pathway of mutation in response to environmental stimuli, and this "adaptive" pathway of mutation has striking similarities with somatic hypermutation, as does a process of mutagenic repair that occurs at double-strand breaks in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We present a model for recombination-based hypermutation of the immunoglobulin loci which could result in either templated or non-templated mutation.
我们回顾了一些旨在测试小鼠体细胞超突变中基于重组的机制的实验，特别是涉及模板化突变或基因转换的机制。由于重组和修复功能在原核生物和真核生物中高度保守，微生物中的突变途径可能与体细胞超突变机制相关。大肠杆菌在环境刺激下启动基于重组的突变途径，这种“适应性”突变途径与体细胞超突变有显著相似之处，酿酒酵母双链断裂处发生的诱变修复过程也是如此。我们提出了一个免疫球蛋白基因座基于重组的超突变模型，该模型可能导致模板化或非模板化突变。
