Periti P
(Ret) Dept. Pharmacology, University of Florence, Italy.
J Chemother. 1998 Apr;10(2):91-6. doi: 10.1179/joc.1998.10.2.91.
Among the oral beta-lactam antibiotics only cefaclor has demonstrated a consistent in vitro and in vivo immunopharmacological effect which favors phagocytic chemotaxis and antimicrobial potential by inducing a T-helper 1 or pro-inflammatory response. Together with cefpimizole, cefaclor significantly reduces the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) against some bacterial species when cultured together with a suspension of polymorphonuclear leukocytes, as opposed to some other oral beta-lactams, co-amoxiclav and cefixime, which do not show this effect. The pro-inflammatory component of cefaclor's activity explains the clinical success of this antibiotic in a high percentage of cases, even when laboratory tests indicate in vitro resistance by the pathogen.
在口服β-内酰胺类抗生素中，只有头孢克洛已证明具有持续的体外和体内免疫药理作用，通过诱导辅助性T细胞1型反应或促炎反应，有利于吞噬细胞趋化性和抗菌潜力。与头孢米诺一起，头孢克洛与多形核白细胞悬液一起培养时，可显著降低对某些细菌的最低杀菌浓度（MBC），而其他一些口服β-内酰胺类药物，如阿莫西林克拉维酸和头孢克肟，则没有这种效果。头孢克洛活性的促炎成分解释了这种抗生素在高比例病例中的临床成功，即使实验室检测表明病原体存在体外耐药性。
