Burt C W, Fingerhut L A
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics, Hyattsville, Maryland, USA.
Vital Health Stat 13. 1998 Jan(131):1-76.
This report describes ambulatory care visits for injuries to hospital emergency departments in the United States. Statistics are presented on selected patient, hospital, and visit characteristics.
The data presented in this report were collected in the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS) over a period of 4 years from 1992 through 1995. The NHAMCS is a national probability survey of visits to hospital emergency and outpatient departments of non-Federal, short-stay, and general hospitals in the United States. Sample data were combined across years and weighted to produce annual estimates.
From 1992 through 1995, an estimated 147 million visits for injuries were made to hospital emergency departments in the United States, an average of 36.8 million visits per year with an annual utilization rate of 14.3 visits per 100 persons. Persons 15-24 years had a higher rate of injury-related emergency department visits compared with other age groups. The injury visit rate was higher in the Midwest than in the South or West. Injury visits represented 37.8 percent of all visits to hospital emergency departments but 53.5 percent of all visits for children between 5 and 14 years and 48.5 percent of all visits for persons 15-24 years. Open wounds accounted for the largest proportion of injuries (22.0 percent). The leading external causes of injuries included falls, being struck by or striking against a person or object, and motor vehicle traffic injuries. For all ages, 6.3 percent of the injury visits had a disposition of admission for inpatient care, while almost one-quarter of injury visits by persons 65 years and over resulted in hospitalization. ED visits caused by poisonings or firearm injuries were more likely to result in hospitalization compared with other causes.
本报告描述了美国医院急诊科的门诊伤病护理就诊情况。报告给出了选定的患者、医院及就诊特征的统计数据。
本报告中的数据是在1992年至1995年的4年期间，通过国家医院门诊医疗护理调查（NHAMCS）收集的。NHAMCS是一项针对美国非联邦、短期停留和综合医院急诊科及门诊部就诊情况的全国概率调查。将各年份的样本数据合并并加权，以得出年度估计值。
1992年至1995年期间，美国医院急诊科估计有1.47亿人次因伤就诊，平均每年3680万人次，年利用率为每100人14.3次就诊。与其他年龄组相比，15至24岁的人群因伤前往急诊科就诊的比例更高。中西部地区的伤病就诊率高于南部或西部地区。伤病就诊占医院急诊科所有就诊人次的37.8%，但占5至14岁儿童所有就诊人次的53.5%，以及15至24岁人群所有就诊人次的48.5%。开放性伤口在伤病中占比最大（22.0%）。主要的外部致伤原因包括跌倒、被人或物体撞击、机动车交通伤。所有年龄段中，6.3%的伤病就诊患者被收治住院，而65岁及以上人群中近四分之一的伤病就诊患者最终住院治疗。与其他原因相比，因中毒或火器伤导致的急诊科就诊更有可能导致住院。
