Cavalli G, Paro R
ZMBH, Universität Heidelberg, Germany.
Cell. 1998 May 15;93(4):505-18. doi: 10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81181-2.
Polycomb group (PcG) and trithorax group (trxG) gene products are responsible for the maintenance of repressed and active expression patterns of many developmentally important regulatory genes including the homeotic genes. In Drosophila embryos, Polycomb protein and the trxG protein GAGA factor colocalize at the Fab-7 DNA element of the bithorax complex. In transgenic lines, the Fab-7 element induces extensive silencing on a flanking GAL4-driven lacZ reporter and mini-white genes. However, a short single pulse of GAL4 during embryogenesis is sufficient to release PcG-dependent silencing from the transgene. Such an activated state of Fab-7 is mitotically inheritable through development and can be transmitted in a GAL4-independent manner to the subsequent generations through female meiosis. Thus, Fab-7 is a switchable chromosomal element, which can convey memory of epigenetically determined active and repressed chromatin states.
多梳蛋白家族(PcG)和三胸蛋白家族(trxG)基因产物负责维持包括同源异型基因在内的许多对发育至关重要的调控基因的抑制和活跃表达模式。在果蝇胚胎中,多梳蛋白和trxG蛋白GAGA因子共定位于双胸复合体的Fab-7 DNA元件处。在转基因品系中,Fab-7元件会在侧翼GAL4驱动的lacZ报告基因和小白色基因上诱导广泛的沉默。然而,胚胎发育期间短时间的单次GAL4脉冲足以从转基因中释放PcG依赖的沉默。Fab-7的这种激活状态在发育过程中可通过有丝分裂遗传,并且可以通过雌性减数分裂以不依赖GAL4的方式传递给后代。因此,Fab-7是一个可切换的染色体元件,它可以传递表观遗传决定的活跃和抑制染色质状态的记忆。