Gritz E R, Prokhorov A V, Hudmon K S, Chamberlain R M, Taylor W C, DiClemente C C, Johnston D A, Hu S, Jones L A, Jones M M, Rosenblum C K, Ayars C L, Amos C I
Department of Behavioral Science, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030-4095, USA.
Prev Med. 1998 May-Jun;27(3):365-84. doi: 10.1006/pmed.1998.0300.
To expand upon recent research studies that have identified dramatic ethnic differences in adolescent cigarette smoking, this study was designed to characterize smoking among a multiethnic population of adolescents and to identify significant factors that may protect against smoking initiation.
During the first 2 years, this mixed cross-sectional, longitudinal study recruited and collected baseline data from a volunteer sample of 1,441 Houston-area public school students in the 5th, 8th, or 12th grade. A wide range of new and established predictors of smoking behavior was assessed, and their associations with ever smoking and susceptibility to smoking were assessed within ethnicity (white, N = 537; African-American, N = 454; and Hispanic, N = 297).
Consistent with previous studies, white students smoked in substantially higher proportions than African-American students, with Hispanic adolescents in-between. Simultaneously adjusting for other variables, the odds of ever smoking (OR = 0.47, P < 0.01) and susceptibility to smoking (OR = 0.64, P < 0.01) were significantly lower among African-American adolescents when compared with whites; odds ratios for Hispanics and whites did not differ. Across all three ethnicities, the most important predictor of both ever smoking and susceptibility to smoking was the smoking status of the three best friends. Several ethnicity-specific variables also were identified.
In concordance with previous investigations, cigarette smoking prevalence differs by ethnicity, and the factors associated with ever smoking and susceptibility to smoking differ among white, African-American, and Hispanic adolescents. The results of this study may be used to develop theory-based, culturally appropriate smoking intervention programs for adolescents.
为拓展近期已发现青少年吸烟存在显著种族差异的研究，本研究旨在描述多民族青少年群体中的吸烟情况，并确定可能预防开始吸烟的重要因素。
在最初两年里，这项混合的横断面、纵向研究招募了休斯顿地区5年级、8年级或12年级的1441名公立学校学生志愿者样本，并收集了他们的基线数据。评估了一系列新的和已确定的吸烟行为预测因素，并在不同种族（白人，N = 537；非裔美国人，N = 454；西班牙裔，N = 297）中评估了这些因素与曾经吸烟和吸烟易感性的关联。
与先前研究一致，白人学生吸烟比例显著高于非裔美国学生，西班牙裔青少年介于两者之间。在同时调整其他变量后，与白人相比，非裔美国青少年曾经吸烟的几率（OR = 0.47，P < 0.01）和吸烟易感性（OR = 0.64，P < 0.01）显著更低；西班牙裔和白人的比值比没有差异。在所有三个种族中，曾经吸烟和吸烟易感性的最重要预测因素都是三个最好朋友的吸烟状况。还确定了几个特定种族的变量。
与先前调查一致，吸烟流行率因种族而异，并且与曾经吸烟和吸烟易感性相关的因素在白人、非裔美国人和西班牙裔青少年中有所不同。本研究结果可用于为青少年制定基于理论、符合文化背景的吸烟干预项目。
