Gunnarsson R K, Holm S E, Söderström M
Department of Primary Health Care, Vasa Hospital, Umeå, Sweden.
Scand J Prim Health Care. 1998 Mar;16(1):13-7. doi: 10.1080/028134398750003340.
To elucidate the prevalence of potential pathogenic bacteria in nasopharyngeal samples from healthy individuals, and the influence on the carrier rate of age, season of the year, and type of child day care.
Nasopharyngeal swab samples obtained in routine medical care from individuals with no sign of infection were studied in 159 pre-school children aged below 7 years, 198 schoolchildren aged 7-15 years, and 261 adults (.16 years).
The prevalence of pathogenic bacteria in healthy individuals decreased with age. The overall isolation frequencies for pre-schoolchildren, schoolchildren, and adults, respectively, were: Moraxella catarrhalis (27%, 4% and 2%); Streptococcus pneumoniae (19%, 6% and 0.8%); Haemophilus influenzae (13%, 6% and 3%). The prevalence of S. pneumoniae in children 7-15 years was higher during the summer than in the winter. We could not confirm any variation in the carrier rate due to the type of child day care.
Potentially pathogenic bacteria are often present in nasopharyngeal samples taken from healthy pre-school children, but rarely from people > or = 16 years of age. This means that the use of nasopharyngeal samples to discriminate between bacterial and viral respiratory tract infection needs to be evaluated further in patients < 16 years. The importance of the seasonal variation in the prevalence of potential pathogenic bacteria in the nasopharynx needs further study.
阐明健康个体鼻咽样本中潜在病原菌的流行情况，以及年龄、季节和儿童日托类型对携带率的影响。
对159名7岁以下学龄前儿童、198名7 - 15岁学童和261名成年人（≥16岁）在常规医疗护理中采集的无感染迹象个体的鼻咽拭子样本进行研究。
健康个体中病原菌的流行率随年龄增长而降低。学龄前儿童、学童和成年人的总体分离频率分别为：卡他莫拉菌（27%、4%和2%）；肺炎链球菌（19%、6%和0.8%）；流感嗜血杆菌（13%、6%和3%）。7 - 15岁儿童中肺炎链球菌的流行率在夏季高于冬季。我们无法证实儿童日托类型对携带率有任何影响。
潜在病原菌常存在于健康学龄前儿童的鼻咽样本中，但在≥16岁人群中很少见。这意味着对于16岁以下患者，使用鼻咽样本区分细菌性和病毒性呼吸道感染需要进一步评估。鼻咽部潜在病原菌流行率的季节性变化的重要性需要进一步研究。
