Moen E, Toverud E L, Grund J, Brinchmann S
Department of Social Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Norway.
Pharm World Sci. 1998 Jun;20(3):107-12. doi: 10.1023/a:1008651106315.
Pricing and reimbursement of pharmaceuticals are of concern for pharmacists. Different countries have different ways of organising their health care systems. The place for pharmaceuticals within these systems also differ. This article looks into the price- and reimbursement systems for medicinal products in Germany, Sweden, the UK and Norway. Various ways of organising the pharmaceutical market emerge. Some existing measures have been in place for a long time while others have been introduced more recently. A common goal for the four countries seems to be the drive to cut costs, and attempts to do this can be directed through various reimbursement systems, by focusing on prices or by influencing the physicians' prescribing behaviour, either through the use of advice or through the use of budgets. It is important for the pharmacists to have in-depth knowledge of the price- and reimbursement system they have to work within in order to be of full service to their customers.
药品定价和报销是药剂师所关心的问题。不同国家组织其医疗保健系统的方式各不相同。药品在这些系统中的地位也有所不同。本文探讨了德国、瑞典、英国和挪威的药品价格和报销制度。出现了各种组织药品市场的方式。一些现有措施已经实施了很长时间，而其他一些则是最近才引入的。这四个国家的一个共同目标似乎是削减成本的动力，实现这一目标的尝试可以通过各种报销系统来引导，通过关注价格或通过使用建议或预算来影响医生的处方行为。药剂师深入了解他们必须在其中工作的价格和报销系统，以便为客户提供全面服务，这一点很重要。
