Plusa S M, Horsman R, Kendall-Smith S, Webster N, Primrose J N
Nutrition Support Team, St James's University Hospital, Leeds.
Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 1998 Mar;80(2):154-6.
The peripheral intravenous route is being used more frequently for the administration of short- to medium-term parenteral nutritional support. Dedicated fine bore cannulas have significantly reduced the incidence of thrombophlebitis. Currently available cannulas are made of polyurethane or silicone. We present our experience with a 23G silicone cannula and a 22G polyurethane alternative. Fifty-four silicone cannulas were used with a median survival of only 3 days, compared with 7 days for 90 polyurethane cannulas (P < 0.0001). Only 22% of silicone cannulas were removed electively compared with 56% of polyurethane cannulas (P < 0.00005). The most common cause for silicone cannula removal was occlusion (48%), which occurred in only 8% of polyurethane cannulas (P < 0.00001). Polyurethane cannulas develop fewer complications and are more effective in the delivery of peripheral intravenous nutritional support.
外周静脉途径越来越频繁地用于短期至中期肠外营养支持的给药。专用细孔套管显著降低了血栓性静脉炎的发生率。目前可用的套管由聚氨酯或硅胶制成。我们介绍了使用23G硅胶套管和22G聚氨酯套管的经验。使用了54根硅胶套管，中位留存时间仅为3天，而90根聚氨酯套管的中位留存时间为7天（P < 0.0001）。与56%的聚氨酯套管相比，只有22%的硅胶套管是择期拔除的（P < 0.00005）。拔除硅胶套管最常见的原因是堵塞（48%），而聚氨酯套管中只有8%出现堵塞（P < 0.00001）。聚氨酯套管产生的并发症较少，在外周静脉营养支持的输送方面更有效。
