Westermeyer J
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1976 Sep;33(9):1135-9. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.1976.01770090125014.
Over 25 years anti-opium laws were enacted by three Asian governments in countries where opium use was traditional. Within months, heroin use suddenly appeared; and within a decade, heroin addiction surpassed opium addiction. The laws led to (1) increased price of narcotic drugs, (2) a heroin "industry," (3) corruption of the law enforcement system, and (4) major health problems involving parenteral drug use. The Asian experience indicates that antinarcotic laws can be effective only with careful preparations: (1) changing society's attitude toward the traditional drug from ambivalence to opposition; (2) mobilizing resources to treat and rehabilitate all addicts within a short period of time; (3) developing the social will to incarcerate all "recidivist" addicts for a prolonged period; and (4) preventing narcotic production or importation.
25 多年来,三个亚洲国家政府在鸦片使用传统悠久的国家颁布了反鸦片法律。数月之内,海洛因使用突然出现;十年之内,海洛因成瘾超过了鸦片成瘾。这些法律导致了:(1)麻醉药品价格上涨;(2)海洛因“产业”;(3)执法系统腐败;(4)涉及注射吸毒的重大健康问题。亚洲的经验表明,只有做好精心准备,禁毒法律才能有效:(1)将社会对传统毒品的态度从矛盾转变为反对;(2)动员资源在短时间内治疗和康复所有吸毒成瘾者;(3)形成长期监禁所有“惯犯”吸毒成瘾者的社会意愿;(4)防止麻醉品生产或进口。