Hocking A M, Shinomura T, McQuillan D J
Center for Extracellular Matrix Biology, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston 77030-3303, USA.
Matrix Biol. 1998 Apr;17(1):1-19. doi: 10.1016/s0945-053x(98)90121-4.
The extracellular matrix plays an integral role in the pivotal processes of development, tissue repair, and metastasis by regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, adhesion, and migration. This review is focused on a family of related glycoproteins represented by at least one member in all specialized extracellular matrices. This family currently comprises nine members grouped together on the basis of their presence in the extracellular matrix and by virtue of a leucine-rich repeat motif that dominates the structure of the core protein. It is likely that most, if not all the members of this group exist as proteoglycans in some tissues, and thus have been termed the Small Leucine-Rich Proteoglycan family, or SLRPs. The leucine-rich repeat (LRR) is usually present in tandem array and has been described in an increasing number of proteins, giving rise to a LRR-superfamily. The LRR domain of the SLRP family is unique within the superfamily in that it is flanked by cysteine clusters, and the 24 amino acid consensus for SLRP members is x-x-I/V/L-x-x-x-x-F/P/L-x-x-L/P-x-x-L-x-x-L/I-x-L-x-x-N-x-I/L, where x is any amino acid. Enormous progress has been made in describing the membership, structure and localization of this family, and recently new insight has emerged into the putative function of these molecules not just as modulators of matrix assembly but also on their intriguing role in regulating cell growth, adhesion, and migration. Determination of membership, structure and putative function of this fascinating class of molecules is summarized in this review.
细胞外基质通过调节细胞增殖、分化、黏附和迁移，在发育、组织修复和转移等关键过程中发挥着不可或缺的作用。本综述聚焦于一类相关糖蛋白家族，在所有特殊细胞外基质中至少有一个成员代表该家族。该家族目前包含九个成员，它们基于在细胞外基质中的存在情况以及富含亮氨酸的重复基序（该基序主导核心蛋白的结构）而被归为一组。该组中的大多数成员（如果不是全部的话）可能在某些组织中以蛋白聚糖的形式存在，因此被称为小富含亮氨酸蛋白聚糖家族，或SLRPs。富含亮氨酸的重复序列（LRR）通常以串联阵列形式存在，并且在越来越多的蛋白质中被描述，从而形成了一个LRR超家族。SLRP家族的LRR结构域在超家族中是独特的，因为它两侧是半胱氨酸簇，并且SLRP成员的24个氨基酸共有序列为x - x - I/V/L - x - x - x - x - F/P/L - x - x - L/P - x - x - L - x - x - L/I - x - L - x - x - N - x - I/L，其中x为任意氨基酸。在描述该家族的成员、结构和定位方面已经取得了巨大进展，最近对于这些分子的假定功能也有了新的认识，它们不仅作为基质组装的调节剂，而且在调节细胞生长、黏附和迁移方面也具有有趣的作用。本综述总结了这类迷人分子的成员、结构和假定功能的确定情况。
