StÖhr S
Department of Zoology, Uppsala University, Sweden
Anim Behav. 1998 Apr;55(4):893-903. doi: 10.1006/anbe.1997.0674.
Mate-choice copying has recently been demonstrated in several species. Two, not mutually exclusive, explanations for copying have been proposed: it reduces sampling costs and/or error of mate choice. In guppies, Poecilia reticulata, and black grouse, Tetrao tetrix, young females seem most likely to copy. Therefore, copying may teach inexperienced females what attractive males look like. I developed a 2-year dynamic model, to investigate under which conditions a mate-copying strategy might first evolve. An original population of pure choosers was assumed, which was invaded by a mutant female, able to copy during her first mating season, thereby instantly improving her ability to assess male quality. Alternatively, she could either wait and learn by observing males, just as non-copiers may do, but incurring some time costs, or choose, relying on her own abilities. The degree to which copying occurred among these mutant, young, inexperienced females increased with an increasing proportion of old, experienced females in the population, and with decreasing time left until the end of the season. The model demonstrates that mate-choice copying may evolve, when young females are poor at discrimination and need to learn what high-quality males look like. Male quality proved to be unimportant for copying to evolve, as long as there are sufficient differences in quality for mate choice to be meaningful. As with previous models, time constraints are an important assumption for copying to be advantageous over non-copying. Copyright 1998 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Copyright 1998 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour.
最近在几个物种中都证实了择偶模仿现象。针对这种模仿行为，人们提出了两种并非相互排斥的解释：它降低了择偶的采样成本和/或误差。在孔雀鱼（孔雀鱼）和黑琴鸡（黑琴鸡）中，年轻雌性似乎最有可能进行模仿。因此，模仿可能会让缺乏经验的雌性了解有吸引力的雄性长什么样。我建立了一个为期两年的动态模型，以研究在哪些条件下择偶模仿策略可能首先进化。假设最初有一个由纯粹的选择者组成的种群，后来有一只突变雌性侵入，它在第一个交配季节就能进行模仿，从而立即提高了评估雄性质量的能力。或者，它可以像非模仿者那样等待并通过观察雄性来学习，但会产生一些时间成本，或者依靠自己的能力进行选择。这些突变的年轻无经验雌性之间模仿行为发生的程度，随着种群中老龄有经验雌性比例增加以及交配季节结束前剩余时间减少而增加。该模型表明，当年轻雌性辨别能力较差且需要了解高质量雄性长什么样时，择偶模仿可能会进化。只要雄性质量存在足够差异以使择偶有意义，雄性质量对于模仿行为的进化就无关紧要。与之前的模型一样，时间限制是模仿行为比非模仿行为更具优势的一个重要假设。版权所有1998年动物行为研究协会。版权所有1998年动物行为研究协会。
