Zeisberger E
Physiologisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universität, Giessen, Germany.
Prog Brain Res. 1998;115:159-76. doi: 10.1016/s0079-6123(08)62035-x.
This review recapitulates the general principles of the organization of the thermoregulatory system, describes the thermoregulatory reactions of small and large mammals to hot environment and analyzes the probable roles of biogenic amines in these responses. Catecholamines found in peripheral blood plasma or excreted in urine represent a spillover of mediators released partly from sympathetic nerve endings and partly from the adrenal medulla. Since the thermoregulatory efforts differ between small and large mammals in cold and hot environments, the peripheral release of catecholamines is also different in these animals. The levels of these signal substances in the blood, as well as their peripheral metabolic and functional effects, serve as feedback signals for the hypothalamic integrative circuitry. The roles of antagonistic modulatory monoaminergic systems, ascending from the lower brain stem to the hypothalamus, in these integrations were discussed only partly, because this was a topic of another recent review (Zeisberger and Roth, 1996).
本综述概述了体温调节系统的组织一般原则，描述了小型和大型哺乳动物对热环境的体温调节反应，并分析了生物胺在这些反应中的可能作用。外周血浆中发现的或尿液中排泄的儿茶酚胺代表了部分从交感神经末梢和部分从肾上腺髓质释放的介质的溢出。由于小型和大型哺乳动物在寒冷和炎热环境中的体温调节努力不同，这些动物中儿茶酚胺的外周释放也不同。血液中这些信号物质的水平及其外周代谢和功能作用，作为下丘脑整合回路的反馈信号。从低位脑干向上至下丘脑的拮抗调节单胺能系统在这些整合中的作用仅部分进行了讨论，因为这是另一篇近期综述（Zeisberger和Roth，1996年）的主题。
