Chandramouli B V, Kotler M N
Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, USA.
Geriatrics. 1998 Jun;53(6):46-8, 51-2, 54, 57-60.
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia, and its prevalence increases with age. Etiologies include coronary artery disease, hypertension, valvular heart disease, thyrotoxicosis, and other cardiac and noncardiac conditions. AF can lead to reversible impairment of left ventricular (LV) function, LV dilatation, clinical heart failure, angina pectoris, stroke, and increased mortality. Digoxin, beta blockers, or calcium channel blockers are used to control ventricular rate in new-onset AF with hemodynamically stable rhythm and in chronic AF where rhythm cannot be restored. These drugs can be used alone or in combination, depending on the clinical situation. The most complete relief of symptoms occurs when sinus rhythm is restored. Class IA, IC, and III antiarrhythmic agents can be used to restore and maintain sinus rhythm in selected patients.
心房颤动（AF）是最常见的持续性心律失常，其患病率随年龄增长而增加。病因包括冠状动脉疾病、高血压、心脏瓣膜病、甲状腺毒症以及其他心脏和非心脏疾病。AF可导致左心室（LV）功能可逆性损害、LV扩张、临床心力衰竭、心绞痛、中风及死亡率增加。地高辛、β受体阻滞剂或钙通道阻滞剂用于控制血流动力学稳定节律的新发AF及无法恢复节律的慢性AF的心室率。根据临床情况，这些药物可单独使用或联合使用。恢复窦性心律时症状缓解最为彻底。IA类、IC类和III类抗心律失常药物可用于特定患者恢复和维持窦性心律。
