Seidman E, Yoshikawa H, Roberts A, Chesir-Teran D, Allen L, Friedman J L, Aber J L
Psychology Department, New York University, NY 10003, USA.
Dev Psychopathol. 1998 Spring;10(2):259-81. doi: 10.1017/s0954579498001606.
This study explored the effects of structural and experiential neighborhood factors and developmental stage on antisocial behavior, among a sample of poor urban adolescents in New York City. Conceptually and empirically distinct profiles of neighborhood experience were derived from the data, based on measures of perceived neighborhood cohesion, poverty-related hassles, and involvement in neighborhood organizations and activities. Both the profiles of neighborhood experience and a measure of census-tract-level neighborhood hazard (poverty and violence) showed relationships to antisocial behavior. Contrary to expectation, higher levels of antisocial behavior were reported among adolescents residing in moderate-structural-risk neighborhoods than those in high-structural-risk neighborhoods. This effect held only for teens in middle (not early) adolescence and was stronger for teens perceiving their neighborhoods as hassling than for those who did not. Implications for future research and preventive intervention are discussed.
本研究探讨了结构和经验性邻里因素以及发展阶段对纽约市贫困城市青少年样本中反社会行为的影响。基于对邻里凝聚力、与贫困相关的麻烦以及参与邻里组织和活动的测量，从数据中得出了概念上和经验上不同的邻里经历概况。邻里经历概况和人口普查区层面的邻里危害（贫困和暴力）测量均显示出与反社会行为的关系。与预期相反，居住在中等结构风险社区的青少年报告的反社会行为水平高于高结构风险社区的青少年。这种影响仅适用于处于青春期中期（而非早期）的青少年，并且对于那些认为自己所在社区麻烦的青少年来说比不这样认为的青少年更强。讨论了对未来研究和预防性干预的启示。
