Cervin A, Lindberg S
Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
Br J Anaesth. 1998 Apr;80(4):475-80. doi: 10.1093/bja/80.4.475.
We have examined the short-term effects of three volatile anaesthetics, halothane, isoflurane and desflurane, on mucociliary activity in the rabbit maxillary sinus in vivo. Mucociliary activity was recorded photoelectrically and the signal processed by fast Fourier transformation. Administration of 1.0 MAC of halothane, isoflurane or desflurane caused a temporary increase in mucociliary activity, with mean peak responses of 47.8 (SEM 13.0)%, 44.0 (9.6)% and 45.1 (23.7)% (n = 6), respectively. The response to all three compounds was biphasic; an initial peak was observed within 2 min and a second peak at 3-8 min. The second response was not significant for halothane. In contrast, desflurane produced a significant second peak while the first was small and failed to reach significance. Halothane displayed an initial peak within 2 min which was blocked by atropine but not by the neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptor antagonist CP-99. The second peak at 3-5 min was less pronounced for halothane than for isoflurane or desflurane. The second peak was not affected by atropine pretreatment, but was blocked by pretreatment with CP-99. A combination of atropine and CP-99 pretreatment abolished the mucociliary response to halothane. Atropine pretreatment did not affect, whereas CP-99 significantly reduced, the response to desflurane. We conclude that the NK1-mediated response was most pronounced for desflurane which is considered the most airway irritating compound of the three. It is likely that the size of the NK1-mediated response reflects the airway-irritating properties of the volatile anaesthetic used.
我们研究了三种挥发性麻醉剂，即氟烷、异氟烷和地氟烷，对兔上颌窦体内黏液纤毛活性的短期影响。采用光电记录黏液纤毛活性，并通过快速傅里叶变换对信号进行处理。给予1.0MAC的氟烷、异氟烷或地氟烷会导致黏液纤毛活性暂时增加，平均峰值反应分别为47.8（标准误13.0）%、44.0（9.6）%和45.1（23.7）%（n = 6）。对所有三种化合物的反应都是双相的；在2分钟内观察到一个初始峰值，在3 - 8分钟出现第二个峰值。氟烷的第二个反应不显著。相比之下，地氟烷产生了显著的第二个峰值，而第一个峰值较小且未达到显著水平。氟烷在2分钟内显示出一个初始峰值，该峰值被阿托品阻断，但未被神经激肽1（NK1）受体拮抗剂CP - 99阻断。氟烷在3 - 5分钟的第二个峰值不如异氟烷或地氟烷明显。第二个峰值不受阿托品预处理的影响，但被CP - 99预处理阻断。阿托品和CP - 99联合预处理消除了对氟烷的黏液纤毛反应。阿托品预处理不影响对地氟烷的反应，而CP - 99显著降低了对地氟烷的反应。我们得出结论，NK1介导的反应在地氟烷中最为明显，地氟烷被认为是这三种中对气道刺激性最强的化合物。NK1介导的反应大小可能反映了所用挥发性麻醉剂的气道刺激特性。
