Concentrations of oxytocin in the intercavernous sinus of mares during luteolysis: temporal relationship with concentrations of 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-prostaglandin F2 alpha.

The reproductive tracts of nine thoroughbred mares were examined by ultrasound to determine the day of ovulation (day 0). Mares were fitted with intercavernous sinus cannulae on the day before the start of sample collection of pituitary venous effluent rich in oxytocin. Intercavernous sinus blood samples were collected for at least 36 h at 5 min intervals beginning at noon on day 13 (n = 2), day 15 (n = 5) or day 16 (n = 2) after ovulation. Concentrations of oxytocin and 13,14-dihydro-15-keto prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGFM) in plasma were determined by radioimmunoassay. Three high-magnitude surges of PGFM (> 1 ng ml-1) were found in these samples. Three high magnitude pulses of oxytocin (> 200 pg ml-1) were also observed, one associated with each of the PGFM surges. In each of these cases, the oxytocin pulse appeared to follow or coincide with the onset of the PGFM surge. Lower magnitude pulses of both hormones were detected throughout the bleeding period in every mare. The average interval between these pulses was 122.3 min for oxytocin and 121.0 min for PGFM. The interval between pulses for individual mares varied from 90 to 199 min for oxytocin, and from 87 to 213 min for PGFM. However, there was no correlation between PGFM and oxytocin pulse intervals among mares. Within each mare, there was no discernable association between low magnitude pulses of oxytocin and PGFM. From these data, it was concluded that high-magnitude surges of PGF2 alpha are associated with similar surges of oxytocin from the posterior pituitary gland, and that PGF2 alpha may induce their secretion. The posterior pituitary gland also appears to secrete oxytocin in a pulsatile manner at a frequency of approximately 1 pulse every 2 h but these pulses do not appear to be associated with the low magnitude pulses of PGF2 alpha secreted from the uterus.