Pemberton L F, Blobel G, Rosenblum J S
Laboratory of Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021, USA.
Curr Opin Cell Biol. 1998 Jun;10(3):392-9. doi: 10.1016/s0955-0674(98)80016-1.
The nuclear pore complex can be considered to be the stationary phase of bidirectional traffic between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. The mobile phase consists of karyopherins, transport substrates, and the small GTPase Ran and its modulators. Recently, the family of karyopherins was expanded with the recognition of numerous open reading frames with limited homology to karyopherin beta 1. In several cases, the specific substrates transported by the new karyopherins have been identified, allowing the characterization of new pathways into and out of the nucleus. However, the mechanisms of transport, particularly the role of Ran, remain poorly understood.
核孔复合体可被视为细胞核与细胞质之间双向运输的固定阶段。流动相由核转运蛋白、运输底物、小GTP酶Ran及其调节剂组成。最近，随着众多与核转运蛋白β1具有有限同源性的开放阅读框被识别，核转运蛋白家族得以扩展。在一些情况下，已鉴定出新核转运蛋白运输的特定底物，从而能够对进出细胞核的新途径进行表征。然而，运输机制，尤其是Ran的作用，仍知之甚少。
