Hirata M, Kuropakornpong V, Arun S, Sapchatura M, Kumnurak S, Sukpipatpanont B, Chongsuvivatwong V, Funahara Y, Sato S
Kobe University School of Medicine, Japan.
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 1997;28 Suppl 3:18-22.
We conducted a case-control study of school-age children in Phatthalung, a province in southern Thailand using a questionnaire to investigate associations of children's hygiene-related behavior and hygienic conditions in their homes with acute diarrheal disease. We compared 69 acute diarrhea (less than 7 days duration) cases that attended two hospitals in Phatthalung during August 1995 to June 1996 with 69 age-, sex- and address-matched controls in primary schools who had not suffered from diarrheal disease for the past one year before August 1995. Three factors were found to be significantly associated with acute diarrheal disease: farmer or gum planter as the occupation of father [Odds ratio (OR) 6.6; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.7-26.1, p < 0.01], installation of a refrigerator in children's homes (OR 0.2; CI 0.1-0.8, p < 0.05), and drinking untreated water (OR 2.3; CI 0.9-6.1, p < 0.1). There was no significant difference for sources of drinking water between cases and controls. Considering the data on drinking water, the results indicated that there are some problems with quality of sources of drinking water. The results also suggested that having a refrigerator could have preventive effects on acute diarrheal disease, while inadequate behavior and unhygienic environment in the homes of farmers and gum planters might be related to acute diarrheal among school-age children.
我们在泰国南部的博他伦府对学龄儿童进行了一项病例对照研究，使用问卷调查来调查儿童与卫生相关的行为以及家中卫生条件与急性腹泻疾病之间的关联。我们将1995年8月至1996年6月期间在博他伦府两家医院就诊的69例急性腹泻（病程少于7天）病例与69例年龄、性别和住址匹配的对照进行比较，这些对照来自小学，在1995年8月之前的一年里未患过腹泻疾病。发现有三个因素与急性腹泻疾病显著相关：父亲职业为农民或橡胶种植者[比值比（OR）6.6；95%置信区间（CI）1.7 - 26.1，p < 0.01]、儿童家中安装了冰箱（OR 0.2；CI 0.1 - 0.8，p < 0.05）以及饮用未经处理的水（OR 2.3；CI 0.9 - 6.1，p < 0.1）。病例组和对照组的饮用水来源没有显著差异。考虑到饮用水数据，结果表明饮用水源质量存在一些问题。结果还表明，拥有冰箱可能对急性腹泻疾病有预防作用，而农民和橡胶种植者家庭中行为不当和卫生环境不佳可能与学龄儿童急性腹泻有关。
