Ma G X, Toubbeh J, Cline J, Chisholm A
Dept. of Health Studies, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122-0843, USA.
J Sch Health. 1998 Apr;68(4):131-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1746-1561.1998.tb06329.x.
Alcohol is the most commonly abused substance among adolescents in the United States. Adolescent females are recognized as one group at risk for giving birth to babies with fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS). Sixth through eighth grade Native Americans were surveyed about their attitudes toward and knowledge of FAS risk factors and prevention strategies. Data revealed that 52% of students drank alcohol prior to the survey. Though sexually active, students lacked knowledge about the relationship between alcohol and FAS. The study revealed 1) limited prevention programs in middle schools and 2) the most influential factor in determining attitudes and decisions about alcohol use was the immediate family. Students felt FAS prevention is an important topic in school health education, noting the important role peers play in teaching and role modeling. Various strategies incorporating music and communication technology such as videotape and computer-assisted interactive tools into prevention materials are discussed.
在美国，酒精是青少年中最常被滥用的物质。青春期女性被视为生育患有胎儿酒精综合征（FAS）婴儿的高危群体之一。对六年级至八年级的美国原住民学生进行了调查，了解他们对FAS风险因素和预防策略的态度及相关知识。数据显示，52%的学生在调查前饮酒。尽管有性行为，但学生们缺乏关于酒精与FAS之间关系的知识。该研究揭示了：1）中学预防项目有限；2）决定对饮酒态度和决策的最具影响力因素是直系亲属。学生们认为FAS预防是学校健康教育中的一个重要话题，并指出同龄人在教导和树立榜样方面发挥的重要作用。文中还讨论了将音乐和通信技术（如录像带和计算机辅助互动工具）纳入预防材料的各种策略。
