Luke B, Keith L, Keith D
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA.
Acta Genet Med Gemellol (Roma). 1997;46(3):157-66. doi: 10.1017/s000156600000057x.
Maternal nutrition has a strong influence on singleton and twin birthweight. This study evaluated the association between twin birthweight and maternal pregravid body mass index (BMI), weight gain, and cravings and aversions. Information was also obtained regarding sources of nutrition advice and advised versus actual weight gain.
This study is based on data from interviews with 928 mothers of twins. Univariate analysis included comparisons by source of nutritional advice, birthweight categories, and categories of cravings and aversions. Multiple logistic regression was used to formulate models for mean twin birthweights > 1,500 g and > 2,500 g.
Mothers who received their nutrition advice from a registered dietitian had the highest weight gains and the lowest proportion of birthweights < 1,500 g. For mean twin birthweight > 2,500 g, the final model included prematurity, pregravid BMI, and weight gain; for birthweights > 1,500 g, the model additionally included maternal age and aversions.
Maternal pregravid BMI and gestational weight gain were shown to be important factors influencing twin birthweight. Nutrition advice, particularly from a registered dietitian, may be vital in assuring adequate weight gain, and therefore better birthweights, for these high-risk pregnancies.
孕产妇营养对单胎和双胎出生体重有很大影响。本研究评估了双胎出生体重与孕产妇孕前体重指数（BMI）、体重增加、饮食偏好及厌恶之间的关联。还获取了有关营养建议来源以及建议体重增加量与实际体重增加量的信息。
本研究基于对928名双胞胎母亲的访谈数据。单因素分析包括按营养建议来源、出生体重类别以及饮食偏好及厌恶类别进行比较。采用多元逻辑回归为平均双胎出生体重>1500克和>2500克建立模型。
从注册营养师处获得营养建议的母亲体重增加最多，出生体重<1500克的比例最低。对于平均双胎出生体重>2500克，最终模型包括早产、孕前BMI和体重增加；对于出生体重>1500克，该模型还包括产妇年龄和饮食厌恶。
孕产妇孕前BMI和孕期体重增加是影响双胎出生体重的重要因素。营养建议，尤其是来自注册营养师的建议，对于确保这些高危妊娠获得足够体重增加并因此获得更好的出生体重可能至关重要。
