du Plooy W J, Schutte P J, Still J, Hay L, Kahler C P
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Southern Africa, Medunsa, South Africa.
J S Afr Vet Assoc. 1998 Mar;69(1):18-21. doi: 10.4102/jsava.v69i1.803.
The stability of cardiodynamic and some blood parameters during a slow, continuous infusion of a combination of ketamine and diazepam is reported. Contractility (dP/dt), myocardial relaxation (Tln), left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP), arterial blood pressure and certain blood parameters were assessed in 3 male and 3 female juvenile baboons (Papio ursinus). Anaesthesia was induced with 15 mg/kg ketamine i.m. and maintained with a continuous i.v. infusion (40-60 ml/h) of ketamine and diazepam. The mixture consisted of 2 ml ketamine (100 mg/ml), 2 ml diazepam (5 mg/ml) and 50 ml saline. A period of 75 +/- 10 min was allowed for preparation of the animals, after which lead II of the ECG, femoral artery blood pressure and left ventricular pressure were recorded at 15-min intervals for a period of 2 h: the total duration of anaesthesia was 195 min. Arterial blood samples were analysed at 30-min intervals for blood gases, electrolytes, glucose and insulin. Left ventricular parameters were derived from the left ventricular pressure curve. Tln, LVSP and LVEDP showed small fluctuations. Contractility decreased (p < 0.037) at the 195-min interval. No arrhythmias or ECG changes were seen, while blood pressure decreased gradually. Serum calcium concentration decreased and blood glucose levels increased gradually over time. Anaesthesia and analgesia were sufficient and no other drugs were necessary. The animals appeared sedated and dazed 60-80 min after the procedure. A continuous infusion of a combination of ketamine and diazepam for a duration of 150 min can provide stable anaesthesia for cardiodynamic measurements.
报告了在缓慢、持续输注氯胺酮和地西泮组合期间心脏动力学和一些血液参数的稳定性。在3只雄性和3只雌性幼年狒狒（南非山狒狒）中评估了收缩性（dP/dt）、心肌舒张（Tln）、左心室舒张末期压力（LVEDP）、左心室收缩压（LVSP）、动脉血压和某些血液参数。肌肉注射15mg/kg氯胺酮诱导麻醉，并用氯胺酮和地西泮的静脉持续输注（40 - 60ml/h）维持。混合物由2ml氯胺酮（100mg/ml）、2ml地西泮（5mg/ml）和50ml生理盐水组成。给予75±10分钟让动物准备，之后每隔15分钟记录心电图II导联、股动脉血压和左心室压力，持续2小时：麻醉总时长为195分钟。每隔30分钟采集动脉血样分析血气、电解质、葡萄糖和胰岛素。左心室参数由左心室压力曲线得出。Tln、LVSP和LVEDP显示出小的波动。在195分钟时收缩性降低（p<0.037）。未见心律失常或心电图变化，而血压逐渐下降。血清钙浓度降低，血糖水平随时间逐渐升高。麻醉和镇痛充分，无需其他药物。术后60 - 80分钟动物表现为镇静和茫然。持续输注氯胺酮和地西泮组合150分钟可为心脏动力学测量提供稳定的麻醉。
