Lanza E, Forman M R, Johnson E J, Muesing R A, Graubard B I, Beecher G R
Division of Clinical Sciences, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.
J Nutr. 1998 Jul;128(7):1150-5. doi: 10.1093/jn/128.7.1150.
Because premenopausal women experience cyclic fluctuations of plasma carotenoids and their lipoprotein carriers, it was hypothesized that plasma alpha-tocopherol (A-T) fluctuates by phase of the menstrual cycle. Twelve free-living women, with a confirmed ovulatory cycle, were given a controlled diet for two consecutive menstrual cycles. Blood was drawn during the menses, early follicular, late follicular and luteal phases to simultaneously measure serum hormones, plasma lipoproteins and A-T concentrations, and A-T distribution in the lipoprotein fractions. Plasma A-T concentrations were significantly lower during menses than during the luteal phase by approximately 12% in each controlled diet cycle (P < 0.001). Adjustment for serum cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations did not alter these findings. The distributions of A-T in lipoprotein cholesterol fractions were not significantly different by menstrual phase. From 61 to 62% of A-T was concentrated in the LDL fraction, with another 9-14% in HDL2, 17-22% in HDL3 and the remaining 6-8% in VLDL+ IDL. There were no significant differences in lipoprotein cholesterol fractions by menstrual phase, except for a significant increase (P = 0.03) in HDL2 cholesterol from the early follicular to the late follicular phase. Spearman rank correlations from data during the second controlled diet month showed A-T in HDL2 in the late follicular phase was positively correlated with HDL cholesterol in the early follicular (r = 0.88), late follicular (r = 0.86) and luteal phases (r = 0.86) and with luteal apolipoprotein (ApoA-1) level (r = 0.90), and luteal HDL2 cholesterol (r = 0.83). A-T in HDL3 in the early follicular phase was negatively correlated with HDL2 cholesterol (r = -0.96) and ApoA-1 (r = -0.85), whereas luteal A-T in HDL3 was correlated with luteal HDL3 cholesterol (r = -0.79). Late follicular A-T in VLDL was positively correlated with early follicular HDL3 cholesterol and late follicular HDL3 cholesterol (r = 0.83). Fluctuations of A-T concentrations by phase of the menstrual cycle should be taken into consideration in future research concerning premenopausal women and the risk of chronic disease.
由于绝经前女性血浆类胡萝卜素及其脂蛋白载体存在周期性波动，因此推测血浆α-生育酚（A-T）会随月经周期阶段而波动。12名月经周期正常的自由生活女性连续两个月经周期接受了控制饮食。在月经期、卵泡早期、卵泡晚期和黄体期采集血液，同时测量血清激素、血浆脂蛋白和A-T浓度，以及A-T在脂蛋白组分中的分布。在每个控制饮食周期中，月经期血浆A-T浓度均显著低于黄体期，约低12%（P < 0.001）。对血清胆固醇和甘油三酯浓度进行校正后，这些结果并未改变。A-T在脂蛋白胆固醇组分中的分布在月经周期各阶段无显著差异。61%至62%的A-T集中在低密度脂蛋白（LDL）组分中，另外9%至14%在高密度脂蛋白2（HDL2）中，17%至22%在高密度脂蛋白3（HDL3）中，其余6%至8%在极低密度脂蛋白（VLDL）+中间密度脂蛋白（IDL）中。月经周期各阶段脂蛋白胆固醇组分无显著差异，只是从卵泡早期到卵泡晚期HDL2胆固醇显著升高（P = 0.03）。第二个控制饮食月的数据进行Spearman等级相关分析显示，卵泡晚期HDL2中的A-T与卵泡早期（r = 0.88）、卵泡晚期（r = 0.86）和黄体期（r = 0.86）的HDL胆固醇以及黄体期载脂蛋白（ApoA-1）水平（r = 0.90）和黄体期HDL2胆固醇（r = 0.83）呈正相关。卵泡早期HDL3中的A-T与HDL2胆固醇（r = -0.96）和ApoA-1（r = -0.85）呈负相关，而黄体期HDL3中的A-T与黄体期HDL3胆固醇（r = -0.79）相关。卵泡晚期VLDL中的A-T与卵泡早期HDL3胆固醇和卵泡晚期HDL3胆固醇呈正相关（r = 0.83）。在未来关于绝经前女性和慢性病风险的研究中，应考虑A-T浓度随月经周期阶段的波动情况。
