Carnwath T, Hardman J
Trafford Community Substance Misuse Team, Manchester, UK.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 1998 May 1;50(3):251-4. doi: 10.1016/s0376-8716(98)00040-4.
This study compares the clinical response to lofexidine and clonidine in the out-patient treatment of opiate withdrawal in 50 opiate addicts, using a randomised double-blind study design. Patients were taking 40 mg or less methadone daily, or equivalent amounts of other opiates. Fifty-eight percent of those starting treatment completed detoxification, and were opiate free at 4 weeks: more patients completed withdrawal in the lofexidine group, but the difference was not significant. Clonidine produced more hypotensive effects: more home visits were also required by medical staff. There was no other significant difference in side effects. Both drugs can be used successfully in out-patient detoxification, but lofexidine is more economical in regard to staff time.
本研究采用随机双盲研究设计，比较了洛非西定和可乐定对50名阿片类成瘾者门诊阿片类戒断治疗的临床反应。患者每日服用40毫克或更少的美沙酮，或等量的其他阿片类药物。开始治疗的患者中有58%完成了脱毒，且在4周时无阿片类药物：洛非西定组完成戒断的患者更多，但差异不显著。可乐定产生更多的降压作用：医务人员也需要进行更多的家访。副作用方面没有其他显著差异。两种药物都可成功用于门诊脱毒，但就工作人员时间而言，洛非西定更经济。
