Forsberg F, Merton D A, Liu J B, Needleman L, Goldberg B B
Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Ultrasonics. 1998 Feb;36(1-5):695-701. doi: 10.1016/s0041-624x(97)00123-6.
Within the last decade safe and practical ultrasound contrast agents have been introduced. Most of these are based on gas-filled microbubbles, which markedly enhance Doppler signals and, in some cases, also gray-scale images. The clinical improvements expected from ultrasound contrast is reviewed. Tissue-specific contrast agents constitute another area of potential clinical significance. One particular agent is taken up by the reticulo-endothelial system and produces so-called acoustic emission signals when imaged. An introduction to the unique clinical applications of acoustic emission is given. Harmonic imaging is a new contrast-specific imaging modality, which utilizes the nonlinear properties of some agents in an attempt to alleviate current limitations of ultrasound contrast studies. Examples of harmonic images are presented.
在过去十年间，已推出了安全实用的超声造影剂。其中大多数基于充气微泡，可显著增强多普勒信号，在某些情况下还能增强灰阶图像。本文综述了超声造影有望带来的临床改善。组织特异性造影剂构成了另一个具有潜在临床意义的领域。有一种特殊的造影剂被网状内皮系统摄取，成像时会产生所谓的声发射信号。本文介绍了声发射独特的临床应用。谐波成像一种新的造影剂特异性成像模式，它利用某些造影剂的非线性特性，试图缓解当前超声造影研究的局限性。文中给出了谐波图像的示例。
