肉毒中毒大爆发：危险的烤土豆。
A large outbreak of botulism: the hazardous baked potato.
作者信息
Angulo F J, Getz J, Taylor J P, Hendricks K A, Hatheway C L, Barth S S, Solomon H M, Larson A E, Johnson E A, Nickey L N, Ries A A
机构信息
Foodborne and Diarrheal Diseases Branch, Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA.
出版信息
J Infect Dis. 1998 Jul;178(1):172-7. doi: 10.1086/515615.
In April 1994, the largest outbreak of botulism in the United States since 1978 occurred in El Paso, Texas. Thirty persons were affected; 4 required mechanical ventilation. All ate food from a Greek restaurant. The attack rate among persons who ate a potato-based dip was 86% (19/22) compared with 6% (11/176) among persons who did not eat the dip (relative risk [RR] = 13.8; 95% confidence interval [CI], 7.6-25.1). The attack rate among persons who ate an eggplant-based dip was 67% (6/9) compared with 13% (241189) among persons who did not (RR = 5.2; 95% CI, 2.9-9.5). Botulism toxin type A was detected from patients and in both dips. Toxin formation resulted from holding aluminum foil-wrapped baked potatoes at room temperature, apparently for several days, before they were used in the dips. Consumers should be informed of the potential hazards caused by holding foil-wrapped potatoes at ambient temperatures after cooking.
1994年4月，美国自1978年以来最大规模的肉毒中毒疫情在得克萨斯州埃尔帕索爆发。30人受到影响，4人需要机械通气。所有人都食用了一家希腊餐厅的食物。食用以土豆为原料的蘸酱的人当中，罹患率为86%（19/22），而未食用该蘸酱的人当中罹患率为6%（11/176）（相对危险度[RR]=13.8；95%置信区间[CI]，7.6 - 25.1）。食用以茄子为原料的蘸酱的人当中，罹患率为67%（6/9），而未食用的人当中罹患率为13%（24/189）（RR = 5.2；95% CI，2.9 - 9.5）。从患者以及两种蘸酱中均检测出了A型肉毒杆菌毒素。毒素的形成是因为用铝箔包裹的烤土豆在室温下存放，显然存放了好几天，之后才用于制作蘸酱。应告知消费者烹饪后将用箔纸包裹的土豆在环境温度下存放所带来的潜在危害。
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