Ebraheim N A, Olexa T A, Xu R, Georgiadis G, Yeasting R A
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical College of Ohio, Toledo, USA.
Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ). 1998 Jun;27(6):427-31.
Twenty cadaveric posterior gluteal regions were dissected to quantitatively determine the location and dimensions of the superior gluteal artery and its branches on the posterior gluteal region. Two reference lines were defined: one (transverse) was drawn from the posterior inferior iliac spine (PIIS) across the ilium to the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS), and another (vertical) was drawn orthogonal to the transverse line at a point 8 cm from the PIIS. Results showed that the average distances from the posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS) and PIIS to the superior gluteal artery origin at the sciatic notch were 60 mm and 42 mm, respectively. The deep superior branch traveled an average of 18 mm above the transverse line at the vertical line, and averaged 54 mm from the iliac crest at the same point. This same branch inserted in the medius an average of 29 mm from the ASIS, and 11 mm above the transverse line, while providing 4 to 7 perforators to the gluteus medius and 0 to 2 to the gluteus minimus. The deep inferior branch traveled an average of 23 mm below the transverse line along the vertical line and penetrated the minimus or medius 36 mm from the ASIS, while providing 3 to 8 perforators to the medius and 1 to 3 to the minimus. The average distance from the deep inferior branch to the superior edge of the acetabulum along the vertical line was 25 mm. These data may be helpful in preventing the injury of the superior gluteal artery during the posterior gluteal approach.
解剖20具尸体的臀后区域，以定量确定臀上动脉及其分支在臀后区域的位置和尺寸。定义了两条参考线：一条（横向）从髂后下棘（PIIS）穿过髂骨至髂前上棘（ASIS），另一条（纵向）在距PIIS 8 cm处与横向线正交。结果显示，从髂后上棘（PSIS）和PIIS到坐骨切迹处臀上动脉起点的平均距离分别为60 mm和42 mm。臀上动脉深上支在纵向线处平均位于横向线以上18 mm，在同一点距髂嵴平均54 mm。该分支在臀中肌的插入点平均距ASIS 29 mm，在横向线以上11 mm，同时向臀中肌发出4至7支穿支，向臀小肌发出0至2支穿支。臀上动脉深下支在纵向线处平均位于横向线以下23 mm，在距ASIS 36 mm处穿入臀小肌或臀中肌，同时向臀中肌发出3至8支穿支，向臀小肌发出1至3支穿支。臀上动脉深下支在纵向线处距髋臼上缘的平均距离为25 mm。这些数据可能有助于在臀后入路手术中预防臀上动脉损伤。
