Marzusch K, Dietl J
Frauenklinik der Bayerischen Julius-Maximilians-Universitt Wüzburg.
Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol. 1998 Mar-Apr;202(2):47-54.
In human placentation, anchoring villi develop to attach the placenta to the wall of the uterus. This attachment is brought about by extensive infiltration of the maternal tissue by cytotrophoblast cells of fetal origin. As trophoblast cells do not express classical histocompatibility antigens (HLA antigens), increasing doubt has been cast upon the "transplantation" model of pregnancy. However, more recently discovered, previously unknown HLA antigens on the invasive cytotrophoblast cells could lead to maternal immune responses similar to those observed following organ transplantation. Nevertheless, the biological behaviour of the invasive cytotrophoblast cells suggests more parallels with the processes of invasion and metastasis seen in malignant tumours, although there is regulation of the timing and extent of cytotrophoblast invasion of the uterus in normal pregnancy. In this survey, findings relating to the control of infiltration by the cytotrophoblast are reviewed, with particular reference to immunology and tumour biology. Possible effects on pregnancy and parturition due to failure of the regulatory processes involved in placentation are discussed.
在人类胎盘形成过程中，固定绒毛发育以将胎盘附着于子宫壁。这种附着是由源自胎儿的细胞滋养层细胞广泛浸润母体组织实现的。由于滋养层细胞不表达经典的组织相容性抗原（HLA抗原），人们对妊娠的“移植”模型越来越怀疑。然而，最近在侵袭性细胞滋养层细胞上发现了以前未知的HLA抗原，这可能导致类似于器官移植后观察到的母体免疫反应。尽管如此，侵袭性细胞滋养层细胞的生物学行为表明，它与恶性肿瘤中所见的侵袭和转移过程有更多相似之处，尽管在正常妊娠中细胞滋养层对子宫的侵袭时间和程度是受调控的。在本次综述中，回顾了与细胞滋养层浸润控制相关的研究结果，特别提及了免疫学和肿瘤生物学。讨论了胎盘形成过程中调控过程失败可能对妊娠和分娩产生的影响。
