Ooi H K, Chen C I, Lin S C, Tung K C, Wang J S, Kamiya M
Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 1997;28 Suppl 1:222-3.
The Sun Moon lake in Central Taiwan is a known endemic area for clonorchiasis. Of the 45 fresh water fish, Hemiculter leucisculus, from the lake that were examined by artificial gastric juice digestion in October 1995, all were found to harbor metacercariae in their muscle. The number of metacercariae isolated from each fish ranged from 2 to 2,185, with an average of 254. A total of 11,443 metacercariae was collected from the 45 fish. Of the 4,223 metacercaria that were examined under light microscope, 4,064 (96.23%) were found to belong to Haplorchis taichui, 90(2.13%) to H. pumilio, 2(0.05%) to C. sinensis and 67 (1.59%) to unknown species due to the metacercariae being not yet developed or immature. The 2 C. sinensis metacercariae were obtained from 2 out of 45 fish examined. Our results contrast with reports of a decade ago which stated that all the fish of the Sun Moon lake examined were positive for C. sinensis. Possible reasons for the decrease of C. sinensis metacercariae are the disappearance of pig farms around the lake, increased awareness of the trematode by the lakeside inhabitants and probably the exclusive use of mammals as its definitive host by C. sinensis. In contrast, besides mammals, Haplorchis spp also use birds as their definitive hosts.
台湾中部的日月潭是华支睾吸虫病的一个已知流行地区。1995年10月，对从该湖采集的45条淡水鱼（麦穗鱼）进行人工胃液消化检查，发现所有鱼的肌肉中均含有囊蚴。每条鱼分离出的囊蚴数量在2至2185个之间，平均为254个。从这45条鱼中共收集到11443个囊蚴。在光学显微镜下检查的4223个囊蚴中，4064个（96.23%）属于台氏哈氏吸虫，90个（2.13%）属于微小哈氏吸虫，2个（0.05%）属于中华分支睾吸虫，67个（1.59%）由于囊蚴未发育或不成熟而属于未知种类。这2个中华分支睾吸虫囊蚴是从45条检查鱼中的2条获得的。我们的结果与十年前的报告形成对比，当时的报告称对日月潭所有检查的鱼中华分支睾吸虫均呈阳性。中华分支睾吸虫囊蚴减少的可能原因是湖泊周围养猪场的消失、湖边居民对吸虫认识的提高以及中华分支睾吸虫可能仅以哺乳动物作为其终末宿主。相比之下，除了哺乳动物外，哈氏属吸虫还以鸟类作为其终末宿主。
