Cummings P, LeMier M, Keck D B
Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, USA.
Ann Emerg Med. 1998 Jul;32(1):37-43. doi: 10.1016/s0196-0644(98)70097-6.
To describe the incidence and outcome of firearm-related injuries and to describe trends over time.
Information about firearm-related injuries in Washington state was extracted from computerized death certificate and hospital discharge files for the period 1989 through 1995. Cases seen only in emergency departments were estimated using initial results from a statewide firearm injury surveillance system.
An estimated 9,995 persons were shot during the 7-year period (incidence 28.0/100,000 person-years); 2,944 persons (29%) required ED care only, 2,864 persons (29%) were hospitalized and survived, and 4,187 persons (42%) died. Survival was lowest for suicide attempts (11%), intermediate for assaults (68%), and greatest for unintentional shootings (96%). Most deaths (91%) occurred before hospital admission. From 1989 to 1995, the incidence of firearm-related injuries showed little change: an increase of 4.5%. However, suicidal shootings among persons younger than 35 years increased by 31.3%, and the incidence of firearm-related assaults rose by 53.7% among persons of all ages. Survival among all persons who were shot and among hospitalized shooting victims showed little change over time.
Firearm-related suicides among the young and assault-related shootings among all persons increased. The estimated proportion of shooting victims who survived did not change over time.
描述与枪支相关伤害的发生率及后果，并描述随时间的变化趋势。
从1989年至1995年期间华盛顿州计算机化的死亡证明和医院出院档案中提取与枪支相关伤害的信息。仅在急诊科就诊的病例使用全州枪支伤害监测系统的初步结果进行估算。
在这7年期间，估计有9995人遭枪击（发病率为28.0/100,000人年）；2944人（29%）仅需急诊科护理，2864人（29%）住院并存活，4187人（42%）死亡。自杀未遂者的存活率最低（11%），袭击受害者的存活率中等（68%），非故意枪击受害者的存活率最高（96%）。大多数死亡（91%）发生在入院前。从1989年到1995年，与枪支相关伤害的发病率变化不大：仅增加了4.5%。然而，35岁以下人群的自杀性枪击事件增加了31.3%，各年龄段人群中与枪支相关的袭击事件发病率上升了53.7%。随着时间推移，所有遭枪击者以及住院枪击受害者的存活率变化不大。
年轻人中与枪支相关的自杀事件以及所有人中与袭击相关的枪击事件有所增加。枪击受害者的估计存活比例未随时间变化。
