We assessed the impact of the 1992 change in Connecticut syringe prescription laws on pharmacy sales and pharmacy managers' sales practices. A mail survey was conducted in 1994 of all current pharmacy managers in the five largest cities in Connecticut (Hartford, New Haven, Waterbury, Bridgeport, and Stamford) and a random sample of those practicing in all other areas. Of these, 89.3% of the pharmacies in the five largest cities and 85.1% in the other areas had ever sold syringes without a prescription since the July 1992 law went into effect. Most pharmacists identified safety issues as very important in their personal decision about the sale of syringes without a prescription. Although the purpose of the change in the prescription law was to provide expanded access to sterile syringes by injection drug users (IDUs), only 31.4% of the managers who were allowed to sell in all instances and 18.1% of those who sold at their discretion were very willing to sell syringes to IDUs. In the logistic regression model of pharmacies with a sell-in-all-instances policy, the perceived benefit of the sale of syringes on health and community well-being was the only influence independently associated with managers support for nonprescription sales. Overall, managers reported they did not know what other pharmacists thought (40.4%) or did (42.9%) regarding the sale of syringes. When pharmacists had discretion over syringe sales, managers' beliefs about what other Connecticut pharmacists thought and did about the nonprescription sale of syringes remained a significant influence on the degree of support for sales. Most pharmacies implemented and maintained policies permitting the sale of syringes without a prescription. Several issues, including risk of discarded contaminated syringes around pharmacies and in the community and reluctance to sell to IDUs, reduced pharmacists willingness to sell syringes. Efforts to incorporate pharmacists as active partners in HIV prevention in IDUs should promote the sale of syringes without a prescription to IDUs as acceptable public health practice.