Franco-Cereceda A, Liska J
Department of Thoracic Surgery, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Eur J Pharmacol. 1998 May 15;349(1):1-14. doi: 10.1016/s0014-2999(98)00242-8.
The existence of neurogenic mediator candidates apart from noradrenaline and acetylcholine involved in the control of vascular tone has attracted enormous attention during the past few decades. One such mediator is neuropeptide Y (NPY), which is co-localized with noradrenaline in sympathetic perivascular nerves. Stimulation of sympathetic nerves in vitro and in vivo causes non-adrenergic vasoconstriction which can be blocked by experimental manipulations that inhibit NPY mechanisms. Thus, the vasopressor response to stimulation of sympathetic nerves can be attenuated by chemical or surgical sympathectomy, treatment with reserpine or other pharmacological agents, and tachyphylaxis to NPY or by NPY antagonists. The NPY field was long plagued by a lack of specific antagonists, but with the recently developed, selective, non-peptide and stable NPY antagonists it has now become possible to study subtypes of this receptor family. For instance, it has become clear that the NPY Y1 receptor mediates most of the direct peripheral effects of NPY on vascular tone. These antagonists promise to stimulate NPY research and will likely unravel the true significance of NPY in cardiovascular control under physiological conditions as well as in pathophysiological states.
在过去几十年中，除了去甲肾上腺素和乙酰胆碱外，参与血管张力控制的神经源性介质候选物的存在引起了极大关注。其中一种介质是神经肽Y（NPY），它与去甲肾上腺素共同定位于交感神经血管周围神经中。在体外和体内刺激交感神经会引起非肾上腺素能血管收缩，这种收缩可被抑制NPY机制的实验操作所阻断。因此，对交感神经刺激的升压反应可通过化学或手术交感神经切除术、利血平或其他药物治疗以及对NPY的快速耐受性或NPY拮抗剂来减弱。NPY领域长期以来因缺乏特异性拮抗剂而受到困扰，但随着最近开发的、选择性的、非肽类且稳定的NPY拮抗剂的出现，现在已经有可能研究该受体家族的亚型。例如，已经清楚的是，NPY Y1受体介导了NPY对血管张力的大多数直接外周效应。这些拮抗剂有望推动NPY研究，并可能揭示NPY在生理条件以及病理生理状态下心血管控制中的真正意义。
