Lester V, Ashley F P, Gibbons D E
Department of Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, United Medical and Dental Schools of Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospitals, London, UK.
Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 1998 Jun;26(3):155-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0528.1998.tb01943.x.
The present study was designed to investigate the relationship between self-reported oral handicap as measured by socio-dental indicators and both dental state and felt need for dental treatment in a group of frail and functionally dependent older adults. A total of 263 housebound adults over the age of 60 years were investigated with regard to their self-reported dental handicap using the socio-dental indices derived by Locker (Community Dent Health 1992;9:109-24). Of these, 117 were in long-stay residential facilities, 67 in sheltered housing and 79 in private housing. The majority were female (76%) and the largest age group comprised 81-90-year-olds (44%), while only 8% were in the youngest group of 60-70-year-olds. A high level of handicap was recorded. In the previous 4 weeks, 74% of the group experienced difficulty in chewing, 54% some other functional handicap, 22% oral pain, 72% some incident of discomfort and 30% some social problem related to their oral condition. The socio-dental indices related more to the number of teeth than to age or gender. Ability to chew five index foods was related directly to the number of teeth present (P<0.001) but unless there were more than 20 teeth present, subjects with natural teeth were more dissatisfied with their appearance than those with complete dentures (P=0.002). The 57 subjects (29%) who expressed a desire for treatment had significantly higher handicap scores (P<0.001). Thus the results indicate that there are high levels of oral handicap in frail and functionally dependent older adults that are related to both the number of natural teeth retained and desire for treatment.
本研究旨在调查一组体弱且功能依赖的老年人中，通过社会牙科指标衡量的自我报告口腔障碍与牙齿状况及感觉的牙科治疗需求之间的关系。共有263名60岁以上居家成年人接受了调查，使用洛克（《社区牙科健康》，1992年；9：109 - 24）得出的社会牙科指数来评估他们自我报告的牙齿障碍情况。其中，117人住在长期居住设施中，67人住在庇护性住房中，79人住在私人住房中。大多数为女性（76%），最大年龄组为81 - 90岁（44%），而最年轻的60 - 70岁组中只有8%。记录到较高水平的障碍。在过去4周内，该组74%的人咀嚼困难，54%有其他功能障碍，22%有口腔疼痛，72%有不适情况，30%有与口腔状况相关的社会问题。社会牙科指数与牙齿数量的关系比与年龄或性别的关系更大。咀嚼五种指标食物的能力直接与现存牙齿数量相关（P<0.001），但除非现存牙齿超过20颗，有天然牙的受试者对自己外貌的不满意程度高于戴全口假牙的受试者（P = 0.002）。表示希望接受治疗的57名受试者（29%）的障碍得分显著更高（P<0.001）。因此，结果表明体弱且功能依赖的老年人存在高水平的口腔障碍，这与保留的天然牙数量和治疗需求均有关。
