Ortona L, De Luca A
Istituto di Clinica delle Malattie Infettive, Università Cattolica del S. Cuore, Policlinico A. Gemelli, Roma, Italy.
Rays. 1998 Jan-Mar;23(1):15-8.
Since the nineties, the increasing incidence of tuberculosis was accompanied by numerous epidemic foci of multidrug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, especially of nosocomial transmission. In the United States and other countries there was an increase in both primary and acquired drug-resistant tuberculosis. HIV infection and the poor social and health care facilities of different population groups, the lack of compliance with therapy and the reduction of programs of nosocomial and extranosocomial surveillance and control of tuberculosis are all concomitant causes of the increase in multi-drug resistant cases. The improvement in surveillance and treatment closely monitored therapies and nosocomial control by specific regulations, when applied, have contributed to the decrease in the rate of drug-resistant forms.
自九十年代以来，结核病发病率不断上升，同时出现了许多耐多药结核分枝杆菌的流行病灶，尤其是医院内传播。在美国和其他国家，原发性和获得性耐药结核病均有所增加。艾滋病毒感染、不同人群社会和医疗保健设施差、治疗依从性差以及医院内和医院外结核病监测与控制项目的减少，都是耐多药病例增加的共同原因。通过具体法规实施的加强监测和治疗、密切监测治疗情况以及医院感染控制，有助于降低耐药形式的发生率。
