Elklit A, Nørregaard J, Tibor B
Aarhus Universitet, Psykologisk Institut, Stefanshjemmet, Arhus.
Ugeskr Laeger. 1998 Jul 13;160(29):4310-4.
Prior research has shown that young refugees may be especially traumatised. The study includes 123 young Bosnian refugees, living at two Bosnian boarding-schools in Denmark who were given a revised version of the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire (HTQ). The subjects themselves have on average experienced seven traumatic events, and have either witnessed or had a family member experience an additional six events. Three-quarters have been shot at, have lost their homes and private possession and have been exposed to violence in the form of harassment or humiliation. Two-thirds have lost friends. Three-fifths have lived with uncertainty as to whether friends and family were alive or dead. More than half have seen dead and wounded people, have had their lives threatened and have thought that they would die. More than a third have lost close family members, have been wounded and have had their homes destroyed. Just under a third have been exposed to physical violence or have witnessed somebody being killed. A quarter have starved and been ill without being able to receive treatment. About a fifth have experienced captivity, torture and forced labour. 6% have been raped or exposed to other forms of sexual abuse. It is concluded that the young Bosnians examined are a multitraumatised group. Use of the HTQ increased the number of traumatic events quite considerably compared to the case notes.
先前的研究表明，年轻难民可能尤其受到创伤。该研究涵盖了123名年轻的波斯尼亚难民，他们住在丹麦的两所波斯尼亚寄宿学校，接受了修订版的哈佛创伤问卷（HTQ）。这些受试者平均每人经历了7次创伤事件，还目睹或有家庭成员经历了另外6次事件。四分之三的人曾遭到枪击，失去了家园和个人财产，并遭受过骚扰或羞辱等形式的暴力。三分之二的人失去了朋友。五分之三的人一直不确定朋友和家人是生是死。超过一半的人见过死伤者，生命受到过威胁，还认为自己会死。超过三分之一的人失去了近亲，受过伤，家园被摧毁。略低于三分之一的人遭受过身体暴力或目睹过有人被杀。四分之一的人曾挨饿生病却无法得到治疗。约五分之一的人经历过囚禁、酷刑和强迫劳动。6%的人曾遭到强奸或遭受过其他形式的性虐待。研究得出结论，接受调查的年轻波斯尼亚人是一个遭受多重创伤的群体。与病例记录相比，使用HTQ相当显著地增加了创伤事件的数量。
