Rossi R, Johansson O
Experimental Dermatology Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
Eur J Dermatol. 1998 Jul-Aug;8(5):299-306.
Noxious stimuli may directly activate peripheral nerve endings of primary sensory neurons. Such impulses are conveyed centrally as well as, through antidromic axon-reflexes, peripherally where they release pro-inflammatory neuropeptides that cause the set of changes collectively referred to as "neurogenic inflammation". These peptides are able to regulate cutaneous inflammatory processes. Thus, for instance, quantitative variations in cutaneous levels of some neuropeptides, such as calcitonin gene-related peptide, neuropeptide Y, substance P, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, neurokinin A and somatostatin, have been found in lesional skin in a number of dermatoses. In addition, they may also serve as selective markers of nerve fiber degeneration and regeneration, and they can also act as trophic agents.
伤害性刺激可直接激活初级感觉神经元的外周神经末梢。此类冲动既向中枢传导，也通过逆向轴突反射向周围传导，在周围释放促炎神经肽，这些神经肽会引发一系列变化，统称为“神经源性炎症”。这些肽能够调节皮肤炎症过程。例如，在多种皮肤病的皮损处，已发现一些神经肽（如降钙素基因相关肽、神经肽Y、P物质、血管活性肠多肽、神经激肽A和生长抑素）的皮肤水平存在定量变化。此外，它们还可能作为神经纤维变性和再生的选择性标志物，并且还可充当营养因子。
