赞比亚人类免疫缺陷病毒相关腹泻与消瘦：特定风险因素及临床关联

Human immunodeficiency virus-associated diarrhea and wasting in Zambia: selected risk factors and clinical associations.

作者信息

Chintu C, Dupont H L, Kaile T, Mahmoud M, Marani S, Baboo K S, Mwansa W, Sakala-Kazembe F, Sunkutu R, Zumla A

机构信息

University of Zambia School of Medicine, Lusaka.

出版信息

Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1998 Jul;59(1):38-41. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1998.59.38.

DOI:10.4269/ajtmh.1998.59.38

PMID:9684624

Abstract

A significant association was observed among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive adult cases in Lusaka, Zambia compared with HIV-negative controls for chronic diarrhea (68% versus 22%; P < 0.05), weight loss (54% versus 30%; P < 0.05), lymphadenopathy (44% versus 15%; P < 0.05), and skin eruption (33% versus 7%; P < 0.05). Among the HIV-positive children, a higher proportion had clinical evidence of tuberculosis when compared with HIV-negative children (8% versus 1%; P < 0.05). The study demonstrated an association between weight loss in HIV-positive adults and children and chronic diarrhea (odds ratio [OR] = 12.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 6.4-25.5; P < 0.001), persistent cough (OR = 7.2, 95% CI = 2.9-14.5; P < 0.001), and an age of 31-45 years (OR = 3.8, 95% CI = 1.8-8.3; P < 0.01). The factors associated with mortality in HIV positive patients included chronic diarrhea (OR = 7.4, 95% CI = 1.6-34; P < 0.01), and lymphadenopathy (OR = 3.89, 95% CI = 1.2-12.2; P < 0.04).

摘要

与赞比亚卢萨卡的HIV阴性对照相比，在HIV阳性的成年病例中观察到慢性腹泻（68%对22%；P<0.05）、体重减轻（54%对30%；P<0.05）、淋巴结病（44%对15%；P<0.05）和皮疹（33%对7%；P<0.05）之间存在显著关联。在HIV阳性儿童中，与HIV阴性儿童相比，有更高比例的儿童有结核病的临床证据（8%对1%；P<0.05）。该研究表明，HIV阳性成人和儿童的体重减轻与慢性腹泻（比值比[OR]=12.7，95%置信区间[CI]=6.4-25.5；P<0.001）、持续咳嗽（OR=7.2，95%CI=2.9-14.5；P<0.001）以及年龄在31-45岁之间（OR=3.8，95%CI=1.8-8.3；P<0.01）之间存在关联。与HIV阳性患者死亡率相关的因素包括慢性腹泻（OR=7.4，95%CI=1.6-34；P<0.01）和淋巴结病（OR=3.89，95%CI=1.2-12.2；P<0.04）。