Binder J, Albus M, Hubmann W, Scherer J, Sobizack N, Franz U, Mohr F, Hecht S
State Mental Hospital Haar, Germany.
Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 1998;248(2):70-7. doi: 10.1007/s004060050020.
The objective of the present study was to explore whether the early course of illness including first onset of psychotic symptoms influences neuropsychological functioning and psychopathology in first-episode schizophrenics. Patients with a short prodromal period (n = 20) and patients with a long prodromal period (n = 20) and controls matched with regard to age, gender and education (n = 40) were administered a battery of standardized neuropsychological tests and psychopathological rating scales. The results indicate an overall difference in neuropsychological performance with the schizophrenic patients scoring lower than controls. Schizophrenic patients scored significantly lower in all subtests except in visual memory and abstraction/flexibility than controls. No significant difference between neuropsychological performance between patient samples was found. Psychopathology was more pronounced in the long prodromal period group rating higher on negative and affective symptoms compared with the short prodromal period group. The data suggests that neuropsychological deficits in first-episode schizophrenia are independent of the early course of schizophrenia, and although negative symptoms are associated with the length of the prodromal period, they do not imply greater neuropsychological impairment.
本研究的目的是探讨包括精神病性症状首次发作在内的疾病早期病程是否会影响首发精神分裂症患者的神经心理功能和精神病理学。对前驱期短的患者（n = 20）、前驱期长的患者（n = 20）以及在年龄、性别和教育程度方面相匹配的对照组（n = 40）进行了一系列标准化神经心理测试和精神病理学评定量表测试。结果表明，精神分裂症患者的神经心理表现总体上与对照组存在差异，精神分裂症患者的得分低于对照组。除视觉记忆和抽象/灵活性外，精神分裂症患者在所有子测试中的得分均显著低于对照组。未发现患者样本之间的神经心理表现存在显著差异。与前驱期短的组相比，前驱期长的组中精神病理学更为明显，在阴性和情感症状方面的评分更高。数据表明，首发精神分裂症的神经心理缺陷与精神分裂症的早期病程无关，虽然阴性症状与前驱期的长短有关，但并不意味着神经心理损害更大。
