Mazzocco M M
Kennedy Krieger Institute and the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.
Pediatrics. 1998 Aug;102(2 Pt 3):492-6.
To expand on previous reports of mathematics difficulty in girls with Turner syndrome (TS).
Mathematics performance was examined by evaluating the types of errors made on mathematics achievement subtests by 29 girls with TS, 26 girls with fragile X syndrome (another genetic condition associated with mathematics difficulty), and 41 girls with neither disorder. Correlations between mathematics achievement scores and measures of IQ, attention, and visuospatial skills were also examined.
Relatively low mathematics achievement was evident in girls with TS before 10 years of age, and a higher percentage of girls with TS made operation (57%) and alignment (48%) errors on a mathematics calculations test than did girls with fragile X syndrome (19% and 14%, respectively). No group differences were found for procedural or multiplication table errors. Girls with TS attempted more "unfamiliar" problems than did girls with fragile X syndrome or girls in the comparison group. Mathematics achievement scores in girls with TS were positively correlated with Judgment of Line Orientation and Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised Third Factor scores; these correlations differed from those in the other groups.
The qualitative group differences observed further support the concept of specificity of the TS phenotype and illustrate the importance of a process approach to assessment.
拓展先前关于特纳综合征（TS）女童数学困难的报道。
通过评估29名患有TS的女童、26名患有脆性X综合征（另一种与数学困难相关的遗传疾病）的女童以及41名无这两种疾病的女童在数学成就子测验中所犯错误的类型，来考察她们的数学表现。同时还考察了数学成就分数与智商、注意力及视觉空间技能测量指标之间的相关性。
10岁之前，患有TS的女童数学成绩相对较低，且在数学计算测试中，患有TS的女童出现运算错误（57%）和对位错误（48%）的比例高于患有脆性X综合征的女童（分别为19%和14%）。在程序或乘法表错误方面未发现组间差异。与患有脆性X综合征的女童或对照组女童相比，患有TS的女童尝试解答更多“不熟悉”的问题。患有TS的女童的数学成就分数与直线方向判断及韦氏儿童智力量表修订版第三因子分数呈正相关；这些相关性与其他组不同。
观察到的质性组间差异进一步支持了TS表型特异性的概念，并说明了采用过程方法进行评估的重要性。
