Karlson K A
Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA.
Am J Sports Med. 1998 Jul-Aug;26(4):516-9. doi: 10.1177/03635465980260040701.
The potential cause of stress fractures of the rib in elite rowers was examined by a retrospective review of 14 fractures in 10 patients. Fractures occurred on the antero- to posterolateral aspects of ribs 5 through 9 and were most often associated with long-distance training and heavy load per stroke. A review of the literature yields striking similarities between these stress fractures and fractures caused by cough. It is suggested that actions of the serratus anterior and external oblique muscles on the rib cause stress fracture because of the repetitive bending forces in both rowing and coughing. A technique involving less use of both muscles through a truncated arm pull-through and a decreased layback position at the end of the stroke, and equipment changes to decrease length of the lever arm, should yield a decreased risk of rib stress fractures in rowing.
通过对10例患者的14处肋骨应力性骨折进行回顾性研究，探讨了精英赛艇运动员肋骨应力性骨折的潜在原因。骨折发生在第5至9肋骨的前外侧至后外侧，最常与长距离训练和每划重负荷相关。文献回顾显示，这些应力性骨折与咳嗽引起的骨折有惊人的相似之处。有人认为，由于赛艇运动和咳嗽中都存在重复的弯曲力，前锯肌和腹外斜肌对肋骨的作用会导致应力性骨折。一种通过缩短手臂划水和减少划水结束时后仰姿势来减少这两块肌肉使用的技术，以及改变设备以缩短杠杆臂的长度，应该会降低赛艇运动中肋骨应力性骨折的风险。
