Klemesrud M J, Klopfenstein T J, Lewis A J
Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska, Lincoln 68503-0908, USA.
J Anim Sci. 1998 Jul;76(7):1970-5. doi: 10.2527/1998.7671970x.
We evaluated feather meal (FTH) and poultry by-product meal (PBM) as complementary protein sources for growing calves. In a replicated 84-d growth trial, individually fed steer calves (n = 120; 252 +/- 24 kg) were supplemented with urea or with graded levels of soybean meal (SBM), FTH, PBM, or 2/3 FTH:1/3 PBM (CP basis). Protein efficiency, calculated as gain above the urea control vs natural protein intake using the slope-ratio technique, was greater for FTH than for SBM, PBM, and 2/3 FTH:1/3 PBM (P < .10). Addition of ruminally protected methionine and lysine did not affect protein efficiency (P > .30) for FTH, PBM, or 2/3 FTH:1/3 PBM. Even though true protein digestibility in the gastrointestinal tract in a trial with lambs was similar (P > .15) for FTH (83.1%) and PBM (91.2%), escape protein was greater for FTH (66.8%) than for PBM (43.6%). Analyses were conducted to estimate intestinal flow of amino acids relative to requirements for live animal gain, and no obvious amino acid deficiencies were present. The lack of a response in protein efficiency to ruminally protected methionine and lysine suggests that FTH and PBM are adequate in these amino acids. Although FTH and PBM are excellent sources of metabolizable protein, there was no complementary response in protein efficiency between them.
我们评估了羽毛粉（FTH）和家禽副产品粉（PBM）作为生长犊牛补充蛋白质来源的效果。在一项重复84天的生长试验中，对个体饲养的阉牛犊（n = 120；252±24千克）补充尿素或不同水平的豆粕（SBM）、FTH、PBM或2/3 FTH:1/3 PBM（以粗蛋白为基础）。使用斜率比技术计算的蛋白质效率，即尿素对照组以上的增重与天然蛋白质摄入量的比值，FTH高于SBM、PBM和2/3 FTH:1/3 PBM（P < 0.10）。添加瘤胃保护蛋氨酸和赖氨酸对FTH、PBM或2/3 FTH:1/3 PBM的蛋白质效率没有影响（P > 0.30）。尽管在一项羔羊试验中，FTH（83.1%）和PBM（91.2%）在胃肠道中的真蛋白质消化率相似（P > 0.15），但FTH（66.8%）的逃逸蛋白高于PBM（43.6%）。进行分析以估计相对于活体动物增重需求的氨基酸肠道流量，未发现明显的氨基酸缺乏。蛋白质效率对瘤胃保护蛋氨酸和赖氨酸无反应表明FTH和PBM中的这些氨基酸含量充足。尽管FTH和PBM是可代谢蛋白质的优质来源，但它们之间在蛋白质效率上没有互补反应。
