Thorin E, Shreeve S M
Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Centre de Recherche, Montréal (PQ), Canada.
Pharmacol Ther. 1998 Jun;78(3):155-66. doi: 10.1016/s0163-7258(98)00005-9.
The endothelium, lining the inner surface of blood vessels, can be considered as the main local regulator of vascular wall homeostasis. It secretes various factors in response to mechanical and hormonal stimuli, which, in turn, influence smooth muscle cell contractility, vascular structure, blood fluidity, and other cell-to-cell interactions. Within the same species, there are, however, variations in endothelial cell function, depending not only on the vascular bed of origin, but also on the size of the vessel within the same vascular territory. Differences have been observed in phenotype, antigen expression, cell size and growth, secretory function, and G-protein expression. Furthermore, some pathological processes affect endothelial function selectively; that is, some vascular beds are sensitive to atherosclerosis while others are not. Understanding these distinctions is particularly important for a rational approach to the treatment of vascular disorders.
血管内皮细胞衬于血管内表面，可被视为血管壁稳态的主要局部调节因子。它会根据机械和激素刺激分泌各种因子，进而影响平滑肌细胞收缩性、血管结构、血液流动性以及其他细胞间相互作用。然而，在同一物种内，内皮细胞功能存在差异，这不仅取决于起源的血管床，还取决于同一血管区域内血管的大小。在表型、抗原表达、细胞大小与生长、分泌功能以及G蛋白表达方面均已观察到差异。此外，一些病理过程会选择性地影响内皮功能；也就是说，一些血管床对动脉粥样硬化敏感，而另一些则不然。了解这些差异对于合理治疗血管疾病尤为重要。
