Tarasova L A, Milishnikova V V, Ozhiganova V N, Sorkina N S
Med Tr Prom Ekol. 1998(6):35-40.
Formed 75 years ago, occupational pathology has defined structure of occupational morbidity, determined principles of occupational diseases' pathogenesis and pathomorphosis, demonstrated dependence of occupational entities on acting occupational hazards, described clinical manifestations of occupational diseases, emphasized informative diagnostic complexes. Diagnosis in occupational pathology now is established on basis of etiology. Manifold activities helped to form a system preventing health disorders caused by occupational hazards. Topical problem is to elaborate and put into practice some criteria for compensation of occupational damage with differential expert assessment of functional disorders caused either by occupational disease or by general one. Prospective trend could be to create a system organizing and managing workers' health on workplace and to put "protection by time" principle into practice with forecasting risk of occupational diseases and dose-effect dependence. Another prospect is to elaborate and put into practice a training in social and psychologic adaptation for occupational managers and industrial workers.
职业病理学成立于75年前，它明确了职业发病率的结构，确定了职业病发病机制和病理形态学的原理，揭示了职业病症与职业性有害因素的相关性，描述了职业病的临床表现，强调了信息丰富的诊断综合体系。如今职业病理学的诊断是基于病因学确立的。众多活动有助于形成一个预防职业性有害因素导致健康紊乱的体系。当前的一个热点问题是制定并实施一些职业损害赔偿标准，对职业病或普通疾病所导致的功能障碍进行差异化专家评估。未来的趋势可能是创建一个在工作场所组织和管理工人健康的体系，并通过预测职业病风险和剂量-效应关系来践行“及时防护”原则。另一个前景是制定并实施针对职业管理人员和产业工人的社会及心理适应培训。
