[A clinical analysis of risk factors in women operated because of endometrial cancer].

OBJECTIVES

The aim of the study was a clinical analysis of risk factors of endometrial cancer such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, obesitas, using oral contraceptives, smoking cigarettes and neoplasm diseases in a family.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

Between 1983-1997, 336 patients was operated in 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Medical University of Gdańsk because of endometrial cancer. 117 women, who answered inquiry form questions was selected.

RESULTS

The median age of patients was 58.9 years (41 to 83 years). In 71.79% the neoplasm disease was found in postmenopausal age. Nulliparas was 16.2%. In 96 cases (82.5%) an adenocarcinoma was found, in 14 cases (12.0%)--a adenosquamous cell carcinoma and in 1 case (0.8%)--a squamous cell carcinoma of uterine corpus was found. In 51 patients (43.6%) a obesitas was found, in 44 patients (43.6%)--hypertension and in 14 patients (11.9%)--diabetes mellitus. In 11 cases (9.4%) diabetes mellitus and hypertension coexist and in 9 cases (7.7%)--all diseases. Only 2 women (1.7%) used oral contraceptives, so it is impossible to estimate its influence on risk of endometrial cancer. 18 patients (15.4%) was smokers and 49 women (41.9%) had a neoplasm diseases in their families (the most often--43.7%--a neoplasm disease was in families of women with adenocarcinoma).

CONCLUSIONS

The percentage of nulliparas was lower then it is described in literature (40-50%) and was 16.2%. The highest percentage of nulliparas was found in a group of women with adenosquamous carcinoma. The most often histological type of endometrial carcinoma was high-differentiated adenocarcinoma.